DOE/Brookhaven National LaboratoryPO Box 5000
Upton, NY
NY-11973-5000
USA
[t] +1 631 344 8000
[f] +1 631 344 3368
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Established in 1947 on Long Island, Upton, New York, Brookhaven is a multi-program national laboratory operated by Brookhaven Science Associates for the US Department of Energy (DOE). Six Nobel Prizes have been awarded for discoveries made at the Lab. Brookhaven has a staff of approximately 3,000 scientists, engineers, technicians and support staff and over 4,000 guest researchers annually. Brookhaven National Laboratory's role for the DOE is to produce excellent science and advanced technology with the cooperation, support, and appropriate involvement of our scientific and local communities. The fundamental elements of the Laboratory's role in support of the four DOE strategic missions are the following: To conceive, design, construct, and operate complex, leading edge, user-oriented facilities in response to the needs of the DOE and the international community of users. To carry out basic and applied research in long-term, high-risk programs at the frontier of science. To develop advanced technologies that address national needs and to transfer them to other organizations and to the commercial sector. To disseminate technical knowledge, to educate new generations of scientists and engineers, to maintain technical capabilities in the nation's workforce, and to encourage scientific awareness in the general public.
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Research by physicists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory provides new insight into why some materials made of stacks of metallic planes are conductors in the direction of the planes and are insulators in the direction perpendicular to the planes. |
27 May 2007 |
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Using data from one of the most comprehensive U.S. air pollution studies ever conducted, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have identified specific volatile organic compounds as key sources of excess ozone smog in industrial areas of Houston, Texas, which appear to be different from traditional sources of ozone pollution in typical urban areas around the country. |
27 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have found that the mere display of food, where food-deprived subjects are allowed to smell and taste their favorite foods without actually eating them, causes a significant elevation in brain dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with feelings of pleasure and reward. |
27 May 2007 |
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For the first time, scientists have created a material with a gradient of gold nanoparticles on a silica covered silicon surface using a molecular template. The material, which was developed at North Carolina State University and tested at the National Synchrotron Light Source at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, provides the first evidence that nanoparticles, each about one thousand times smaller than the diameter of a human hair, can form a gradient of decreasing concentration along a surface. |
26 May 2007 |
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The idea that obese people eat too much because they find food more palatable than lean people do has gained support from a new brain-imaging study at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory. The study reveals that the parts of the brain responsible for sensation in the mouth, lips, and tongue are more active in obese people than in normal-weight control subjects. |
26 May 2007 |
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A team of scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, the U.S. Department of Commerce’s National Institute of Standards and Technology, and the University of Oslo in Norway has provided new insight into the superconductivity of magnesium diboride, an unusual superconductor discovered only last year. |
26 May 2007 |
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A team of scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, the U.S. Department of Commerce’s National Institute of Standards and Technology, and the University of Oslo in Norway has provided new insight into the superconductivity of magnesium diboride, an unusual superconductor discovered only last year. |
26 May 2007 |
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For the first time, scientists have observed the molecular details of biological cells fusing together, a fleeting event never before observed at this scale. Cellular membrane fusion is well known to scientists, and is one of the most common ways for molecules to enter or exit cells, in processes such as fertilization and viral infection, for example. |
25 May 2007 |
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For nearly 200 years, scientists have known that the elements molybdenum and oxygen can form various large molecules, which usually impart a unique blue color to aqueous solutions. Only recently have scientists been able to isolate these molecules, but no one was able to explain their supramolecular structure in solution, until now. |
25 May 2007 |
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Understanding the properties of nanoscale materials may allow scientists to manipulate these properties to produce new nanomagnets, nanocatalysts, and composites with better optical properties. But such applications require detailed knowledge of the materials' atomic level structure. |
25 May 2007 |
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Scientists have developed and tested a new imaging technique that reveals the atomic structure of thin films with unprecedented resolution. For the first time, the technique has shown very precisely how the atoms of the first layers of a film rearrange under the action of the substrate on which the film is grown. |
24 May 2007 |
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Scientists working at the National Synchrotron Light Source at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have unveiled the details of an important cancer protein. Though the protein, called Ski (for Sloan Kettering Institute, where it was identified in the early 1980s), is known to trigger tumor growth, how it does this is still not well understood. |
24 May 2007 |
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Your co-worker has a cold. You know it is only a matter of time before the virus spreads to you and other colleagues, causing a spate of missed workdays. The ability to spread from person to person makes viral infections, even those as benign as the common cold, a large public health problem. |
24 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory and their collaborators have discovered that some viruses can use the most abundant protein in the cells they are infecting to destroy the cells and allow new viruses to escape to infect others. |
23 May 2007 |
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A team of scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory, Harvard University, and Bar-Ilan University in Israel have grown ultrathin films made of organic molecules on the surface of liquid mercury. |
23 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have demonstrated that a miniature positron emission tomography scanner, known as microPET, and the chemical markers used in traditional PET scanning are sensitive enough to pick up subtle differences in neurochemistry between known genetic variants of mice. |
23 May 2007 |
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Working in the field of high-temperature superconductors, researchers from Brookhaven National Laboratory, Princeton University, and several institutions in Japan have determined the upper range of magnetic field at which copper-oxide compounds can be superconducting. |
22 May 2007 |
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Scientists have built tiny liquid crystal devices on the tips of optical fibers, the plastic or glass cables used to carry high-speed signals from television, computer, telephone and radar, to correct signal distortions in high-speed optical communications. Optical communications form the backbone of the Internet and telephone networks and are envisioned to carry multimedia data in the future. |
22 May 2007 |
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A brain-imaging study conducted at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory reveals that recently abstinent methamphetamine abusers who reported they avoided harmful situations had higher resting metabolic rates in a part of the brain responsible for making decisions and modifying behaviors than those with low harm-avoidance scores. |
22 May 2007 |
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Molecular wires are seen by scientists as one key to producing ever-smaller and faster electronic circuits and switches, like those used in computers and complex electronic devices. |
21 May 2007 |
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Scientists have refined a technique that uses the very intense light emitted by the National Synchrotron Light Source at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory to determine the structure of chemically heterogeneous surfaces with a submillimeter resolution. |
21 May 2007 |
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How do raindrops form? Physicists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have proposed a new theory to explain how drizzle forms in warm rain clouds. |
21 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, in collaboration with researchers at Rush Medical College, have demonstrated the effectiveness of a novel x-ray imaging technology to visualize soft tissues of the human foot that are not visible with conventional x-rays. The technique, called Diffraction Enhanced Imaging, provides all of the information imparted by conventional x-rays as well as detailed information on soft tissues previously accessible only with additional scanning methods such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. |
20 May 2007 |
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Scientists studying the tiny devices, called voltage-dependent ion channels, that are responsible for all nerve and muscle signals in living organisms for 50 years have been working like a bunch of blindfolded art critics. |
20 May 2007 |
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Scientists at Hebrew University, Israel, in collaboration with researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, have devised a way to use gold nanoparticles as tiny electrical wires to plug enzymes into electrodes. The gold “nanoplugs” help align the molecules for optimal binding and provide a conductive pathway for the flow of electrons. |
20 May 2007 |
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Chemists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a catalyst that achieves complete conversion of reactants to products and can easily be recovered and reused with no waste. |
19 May 2007 |
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The latest results from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, the world’s most powerful facility for nuclear physics research, strengthen scientists’ confidence that RHIC collisions of gold ions have created unusual conditions and that they are on the right path to discover a form of matter called the quark-gluon plasma, believed to have existed in the first microseconds after the birth of the universe. |
19 May 2007 |
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Using a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope to selectively “tweak” the vibrations of individual molecules, scientists have demonstrated a new way to directly influence the outcome of chemical reactions. The ability to exert such control may one day allow scientists to eliminate unwanted byproducts or selectively produce end products with potential commercial value. |
19 May 2007 |
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Scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory and Argonne National Laboratory have received U.S. patent number 6,528,948 for a device that shuts off airflow into a vacuum about one million times faster than mechanical valves or shutters that are currently in use. The new device, called a plasma valve, was developed through research funded by DOE’s Office of Basic Energy Sciences in the Office of Science. |
19 May 2007 |
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The U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory and Battelle of Columbus, Ohio, have joined together in a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement to determine the structures of microbial proteins, research that may lead to the design of novel anti-microbial drugs. |
19 May 2007 |
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In an attempt to understand why ruthenium sulfide is so good at removing sulfur impurities from fuels, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have succeeded in making a model of this catalyst, nanoparticles supported on an inert surface, which can be studied under laboratory conditions. |
18 May 2007 |
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Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, who previously found reduced levels of the enzyme monoamine oxidase B in the brains of smokers, now provide compelling evidence that MAO in peripheral organs, the kidneys, heart, lungs, and spleen, is also affected by smoking. This crucial enzyme breaks down neurotransmitters and dietary amines, and too much or too little MAO B can adversely affect health and even personality. |
18 May 2007 |
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Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory are developing counterterrorism technologies to help protect the United States from would-be terrorists wielding nuclear weapons, dirty bombs, toxic chemicals, or explosives. |
18 May 2007 |
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Scientists from North Carolina State University and the U.S. Department of Commerce’s National Institute of Standards and Technology have used a silicon elastomer network in conjunction with a simple mechanical stretching device to produce two-dimensional molecular gradients for nanotechnology applications. The structure of these 2D molecular gradients was determined at the National Synchrotron Light Source, located at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory. |
17 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory are exploring the use of bacteria to increase the recovery of methane, a clean natural gas, from coal beds, and to decontaminate water produced during the methane-recovery process. |
17 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory are using a very small and light ion, the electron, to study the structure and dynamics of ionic liquids and how those properties influence chemical reactivity. |
17 May 2007 |
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Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a device, dubbed “ThraxVac,” that can collect and kill anthrax and other bacterial spores. The patent-pending device has been licensed to Circle Group Holdings, Inc., a public company based in Mundelein, Illinois. |
16 May 2007 |
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Using an experimental addiction treatment first investigated at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, a team of scientists from Brookhaven, the New York University School of Medicine, and a national addiction treatment center in Mexico report prolonged abstinence and the elimination of drug craving in eight out of 20 hard-core, long-term cocaine addicts who enrolled in the study. This is the first human clinical data showing that gamma vinyl-GABA (GVG, vigabatrin) holds promise as a pharmacological treatment for cocaine addiction. |
16 May 2007 |
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Devinder Mahajan, a chemist at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, was recently issued U.S. Patent 6,596,423 for his development of a novel, low-temperature process of producing “pure” hydrogen for use in fuel cells. The process may help address one of the most significant difficulties in developing efficient and affordable fuel cells, how to extend the life of the catalysts that make them work. |
15 May 2007 |
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A new phase of the element carbon, a superhard compressed graphite, has been identified by a research team that includes a scientist from the National Synchrotron Light Source at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory. |
15 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory and the University of Bielefeld, Germany, have discovered a new type of hollow spherical vesicles formed by large-scale, wheel-shaped inorganic molecules. |
15 May 2007 |
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Michal Praszalowicz, an associate professor of physics at Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland, is about midway into his yearlong visit as a Fulbright Scholar at the U.S. Department of Energys Brookhaven National Laboratory. |
14 May 2007 |
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Scientists working at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a compact linear accelerator that uses laser light to accelerate electrons with better efficiency and energy characteristics than ever before. The experimental device, called Staged Electron Laser Acceleration, is a step forward in accelerator development, and may help electron accelerators become practical tools for applications in industry and medicine, such as radiation therapy for cancer patients. |
14 May 2007 |
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The latest result from an international collaboration of scientists investigating how the spin of a muon is affected as this type of subatomic particle moves through a magnetic field deviates further than previous measurements from theoretical predictions. The result strengthens the challenge this experiment, known as muon g-2, first posed to the so-called Standard Model of particle physics. |
14 May 2007 |
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By bombarding very thin slices of several copper/oxygen compounds, called cuprates, with very bright, short-lived pulses of light, Ivan Bozovic, a physicist at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, and his collaborators have discovered an unusual property of the materials: After absorbing the light energy, they emit it as long-lived sound waves, as opposed to heat energy. |
13 May 2007 |
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An international team of physicists examining an extremely rare form of subatomic particle decay, a veritable golden needle in a micro-cosmic haystack of 7.8 trillion candidates, has discovered evidence for the highly sought process, which could be an indication of new forces beyond those incorporated in the Standard Model of particle physics. |
13 May 2007 |
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An international team of physicists examining an extremely rare form of subatomic particle decay, a veritable golden needle in a micro-cosmic haystack of 7.8 trillion candidates, has discovered evidence for the highly sought process, which could be an indication of new forces beyond those incorporated in the Standard Model of particle physics. |
13 May 2007 |
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Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have discovered an interesting type of electronic behavior in a recently discovered class of superconductors known as cobalt oxides, or cobaltates. These materials operate quite differently from other oxide superconductors, namely the copper oxides (or cuprates), which are commonly referred to as high-temperature superconductors. |
13 May 2007 |
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Using crystal samples prepared at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, scientists from McMaster University in Ontario, Canada, have ruled out two proposed theories for the subatomic mechanisms of superconductivity, a phenomenon in which the electrical resistance of certain materials drops to zero. |
13 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have helped develop a new technology that converts material dredged from the bottoms of harbors and waterways into a substance that can be made into construction-grade cement. The technology, called Cement-Lock, was developed in collaboration with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the State of New Jersey, and other government and public groups. |
12 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory are proposing to use a supercomputer originally developed to simulate elementary particles in high-energy physics to help determine the structures and functions of proteins, including, for example, the 30,000 or so proteins encoded by the human genome. Structural information will help scientists better understand proteins’ role in disease and health, and may lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic agents. |
12 May 2007 |
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A scientist at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, working with colleagues at the IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, has caused an individual carbon nanotube to emit light for the first time. This step in research on carbon nanotubes may help to materialize many of the proposed applications for carbon nanotubes, such as in electronics and photonics development. |
12 May 2007 |
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By deciphering the near atomic-level structure of the catalytic domain of botulinum toxin type E, one of seven neurotoxins that cause botulism, a disease that paralyzes victims by blocking nerve cells’ ability to communicate, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory are one step closer to a potential vaccine or treatment. |
11 May 2007 |
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As a follow up to previous work showing that gene therapy can reduce drinking in rats trained to prefer alcohol, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have used the same technique to cut drinking in rats with a genetic predisposition for heavy alcohol consumption. |
11 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have released results from the first experiment at Brookhaven’s Deep Ultraviolet Free Electron Laser, a facility that produces powerful ultraviolet laser light for research applications. The researchers investigated how gas molecules break apart when they are highly energized by the laser light, research that may offer insight into many fundamental chemical and physical processes that are based on molecule-light interactions, such as photosynthesis, radiation damage, and ozone formation. |
11 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have produced new evidence that brain circuits involved in drug addiction are also activated by the desire for food. The mere display of food, smelling and tasting favorite foods without actually eating them, causes increases in metabolism throughout the brain. Increases of metabolism in the right orbitofrontal cortex, a brain region that controls drive and pleasure, also correlate strongly with self-reports of desire for food and hunger. |
11 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have found evidence to prove why adding a small amount of calcium to a common high-temperature superconductor significantly increases the amount of electric current the material can carry. This research may be a first step toward developing commercial applications for high-temperature superconducting materials. |
10 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, in collaboration with researchers at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the United Kingdom and Tohoku University in Japan, have discovered evidence supporting a possible mechanism for high-temperature superconductivity that had previously appeared incompatible with certain experimental observations. |
10 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have been awarded U.S. patent number 6,608,677 for a portable device that quickly detects and identifies unknown chemical and biological substances from safe distances. The sensor may be useful as a tool to help improve national security and could be used, for example, by emergency personnel or at sensitive locations, such as airports. |
10 May 2007 |
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A research group led by a scientist at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory has discovered a simple relationship that mathematically links the properties of a class of high-temperature superconductors, materials that, below a certain temperature, conduct electricity with no resistance. This new, unexpected law applies to superconductors with very different structures and compositions, and may provide clues to understanding the mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity. |
09 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory and the New Jersey Institute of Technology have taken steps toward understanding how a titanium compound reacts with a hydrogen-storage material to catalyze the release and re-absorption of hydrogen. |
09 May 2007 |
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Scientists have long thought that individual enzymes have specific, single jobs dependent on their molecular shape. According to this premise, enzymes could only evolve to perform new functions by accumulating several shape-changing mutations, which can take thousands of generations. |
09 May 2007 |
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Detecting beryllium on contaminated surfaces may become as simple as testing the acidity of a swimming pool, thanks to scientists at the Department of Energy's Los Alamos National Laboratory. |
09 May 2007 |
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As part of its Pollution Prevention Program, the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory recently invested in a machine used for numerous biology experiments at the Lab, a microwave peptide synthesizer. |
08 May 2007 |
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Scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory and the University of Florida have uncovered information that may help “molecular wires” replace silicon in micro-electronic circuits and/or components in solar energy storage systems. The scientists were studying how electric charge is distributed in polymer molecule chains that are several nanometers, or billionths of a meter, in length. |
08 May 2007 |
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Research by scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory may help lead to a more efficient catalyst for ammonia production, one of the country’s largest industries. |
08 May 2007 |
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A new study by scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory suggests that vigabatrin (a.k.a. gamma vinyl-GABA or GVG) may block the addictive effects of toluene, a substance found in many household products commonly used as inhalants. These results broaden the promise of GVG as a potential treatment for a variety of addictions. |
07 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have discovered a key mechanism in the brains of people with human immunodeficiency virus dementia. The study is the first to document decreases in the neurotransmitter dopamine in those with the condition, and may lead to new, more effective therapies. HIV dementia is a type of cognitive decline that is more common in the later stages of HIV infection. |
07 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine have produced the first molecular-scale images of DNA binding to an adenovirus enzyme, a step they believe is essential for the virus to cause infection. |
07 May 2007 |
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In research that could lead to more accurate weather forecasts and climate models, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory say a physical limit on the number of cloud droplets that grow big enough to form drizzle paradoxically makes drizzle form faster. That’s because those few droplets that cross the drizzle “barrier” readily collect enough surrounding droplets to fall, instead of staying stuck in the clouds competing for a limited water supply and never getting quite big enough. |
07 May 2007 |
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Climate scientists agree that atmospheric carbon dioxide has increased about 35 percent over the industrial period and that it will continue to rise so that CO2 will reach double its pre-industrial value well before the end of this century. How much this doubled CO2 concentration will raise Earth’s global mean temperature, however, remains quite uncertain and is the subject of intense research, and heated debate. |
06 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have uncovered another possible clue to the causes of high-temperature superconductivity, a phenomenon in which the electrical resistance of a material disappears below a certain temperature. |
06 May 2007 |
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Recent research by a scientist at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory and his collaborators may lead to new advances in electronic circuitry and new clues to the causes of high-temperature superconductivity. The researchers found evidence to support the existence of the theoretical “Giant Proximity Effect,” a physical phenomenon in which a thick layer of a conventional metal conducts like a superconductor, that is, with no resistance, when it is placed in contact with a superconducting material. |
06 May 2007 |
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Thin films made of so-called thermoelectric materials could be used to convert heat directly into electric energy, or vise versa, for a variety of applications, including micro-chip-based chemical and biological sensors and more-efficient ways to cool computer chips. |
05 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory demonstrate a new way to assess the potentially damaging effects of prenatal drug exposure, a technique that could also be used to monitor a fetus’s response to therapeutic drugs, using sophisticated, non-invasive medical-imaging tools. |
05 May 2007 |
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Scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, Bar-Ilan University, and Harvard University have grown ultrathin films of organic chain molecules on the surface of liquid mercury and discovered that the molecules form ordered structures. Similar to sixty years ago when fundamental studies of silicon paved the way to the semiconductor-electronics age, these results help to build a foundation for the development of tiny circuits built using organic molecules, called molecular electronics, a field believed to be the future of many electronic applications. |
05 May 2007 |
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Finding out where gene-regulator proteins bind to DNA and identifying the genes they regulate just got a step easier thanks to a new technique developed by scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory. The technique could greatly speed the process of unraveling the role these proteins play in turning on and off the genes that establish the very identity of cells, be they brain cells, liver, or blood, as well as what might go awry in certain conditions like cancer. |
05 May 2007 |
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How much energy does it take for an electron to hop from atom to atom, and how do the magnetic properties of the material influence the rate or ease of hopping? Answers to those questions could help explain why some materials, like those used in a computer hard drive, become conductors only in a magnetic field while they are very strong insulators otherwise. |
04 May 2007 |
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Experiments on ceria (cerium oxide) nanoparticles carried out at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory may lead to catalytic converters that are better at cleaning up auto exhaust, and/or to more-efficient ways of generating hydrogen, a promising zero-emission fuel for the future. |
04 May 2007 |
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Learning how to control the movement of electrons on the molecular and nanometer scales could help scientists devise small-scale circuits for a wide variety of applications, including more efficient ways of storing and using solar energy. |
04 May 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have applied some of the same techniques used in medical imaging to track the distribution of nutrients in poplar trees in response to a simulated insect attack. The research provides new insights on a long-debated theory about how plants respond to environmental stress, and shows that radiotracer imaging can be a big help in unraveling plant biochemistry. |
03 May 2007 |
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Quasiparticles carry energy in condensed matter. In the world of quasiparticle physics, understanding when and how these energy carriers fail opens doors to another level of understanding, and can lead the way to many new and important theories. Scientists at the U. S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have discovered the failure point for the quasiparticle construct, the standard model of condensed matter physics. |
03 May 2007 |
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Flexible displays that can be folded up in your pocket? More accurate biological and chemical sensors? Biocompatible electronics? In research that may help determine the best materials for a wide range of future electronics applications. |
03 May 2007 |
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The four detector groups conducting research at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, a giant atom “smasher” located at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, say they’ve created a new state of hot, dense matter out of the quarks and gluons that are the basic particles of atomic nuclei, but it is a state quite different and even more remarkable than had been predicted. |
02 May 2007 |
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Male astronauts exposed to cosmic rays in space are not likely to pass on possible mutations caused by the rays to their offspring, according to a new study by a collaboration that includes a scientist from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory. |
02 May 2007 |
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Scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory and the University of Chicago have discovered that a member of a well-known protein family is better at detecting lead than any other known substance. Learning more about the protein’s structure and lead-detection mechanism, they say, may lead to new ways to synthesize drugs or to develop treatments for lead poisoning, a worldwide problem that, in the U.S. alone, inflicts irreversible physical damage to half a million children each year. |
02 May 2007 |
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A new way of mathematically modeling the formation of rain drops in clouds may improve our understanding of Earth’s climate, cloud formation and movement, and the effect that small airborne particles have on rainfall. |
01 May 2007 |
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A collaboration led by scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory has revealed a new mechanism that explains why adding calcium to a high-temperature superconductor increases its current-carrying capacity. The findings refute the current explanation and open the door for similar additives with potentially better current-boosting abilities. |
01 May 2007 |
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As part of an ongoing effort to understand the biochemical basis of alcohol abuse, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have published two studies on how modulating receptors for dopamine, a chemical “signaler” in the brain’s reward circuits, affects drinking behavior in mice and rats. |
01 May 2007 |
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Scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, Center for Environmental and Molecular Sciences, and Stony Brook University have developed a simple, safe method of removing uranium from contaminated metallic surfaces using citric acid formulations so that the materials can be recycled or disposed of as low-level radioactive or nonradioactive waste. |
30 April 2007 |
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Scientists sponsored by the Department of Energy are conducting a six'month atmospheric research campaign at the Point Reyes National Seashore, in Marin County, California. The experiment’s goal is to help researchers understand how aerosols 'small particles such as soot, dust and smoke'influence the structure of marine stratus clouds, and how aerosols are associated with drizzle ' the misty rain regularly produced by these types of clouds. |
30 April 2007 |
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Scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have devised a method to create a new, intriguing nanostructure: ultra-thin, ribbon-like 'nanobelts' bound to nanotubes. Their research achieves several 'firsts' in the field of nanoscience, the study of materials on the scale of a billionth of a meter. |
30 April 2007 |
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Smoking appears to reduce a key enzyme in the lungs, possibly contributing to some of smoking’s deleterious health effects, according to a study published in the September issue of the Journal of Nuclear Medicine by scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory and their collaborators. |
29 April 2007 |
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An international team of scientists that includes a researcher from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory has determined the three-dimensional molecular structure of a promising malaria-vaccine component. This research may help lead to a successful vaccine for the disease, which currently infects approximately 400 million people worldwide and kills about two million people each year, mostly children. |
29 April 2007 |
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As part of the search for better ways to track and clean up soil contaminants, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory and Stony Brook University have developed a new way to 'image' the internal chemistry of bacteria. |
29 April 2007 |
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In the annals of chemistry, there are many examples of hydrogen atoms moving from metals to carbon atoms. But no one has ever directly observed the reverse reaction, hydrogen atoms moving from carbon to a metal, until now. Using lasers and time-resolved infrared spectroscopy, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have captured the bond-breaking and making action. |
28 April 2007 |
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Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have identified how billionth-of-a-meter sized metal particles, gold-atom clusters within carbon-atom shells, can mesh together to form larger particles and have also found a way to control this process. |
28 April 2007 |
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A new set of experiments in mice confirms that a brain receptor associated with the reinforcing effects of marijuana also helps to stimulate the rewarding and pleasurable effects of alcohol. |
28 April 2007 |
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In research that may help advance many emerging nanotechnologies, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, together with research groups from Harvard University and IBM, have learned how a very thin layer of liquid behaves on a “nanopatterned” silicon surface, that is, a surface etched with an ordered array of cavities, each only 20 nanometers (billionths of a meter) deep. |
27 April 2007 |
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Chemists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, working with colleagues at Stony Brook University, have developed a unique experimental technique to measure the flow of energy inside a molecule in the process of breaking apart. The chemists’ experiments provide a critical test of theories used in computer models of combustion, which are used, for instance, by combustion engineers to design more fuel-efficient and less polluting machines. |
27 April 2007 |
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With more and more protein sequence data available, scientists are increasingly looking for ways to extract the small subset of information that determines a protein’s function. In addition to sorting out what makes related proteins differ, such information can also help scientists engineer proteins to do new jobs. |
27 April 2007 |
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Enhanced aerosol concentrations increase the amount of thermal energy emitted by many Arctic clouds, according to scientists supported by the Department of Energy’s Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program. |
26 April 2007 |
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Researchers led by a University of Cincinnati scientist say they have discovered what might be the “Achilles’ heel” of a dangerous organism that lives in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients, a fatal flaw that leaves the organism vulnerable to destruction by a common food preservative. |
26 April 2007 |
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In electronics-based technologies, metal-oxide compounds known as “relaxor ferroelectrics” often make up key circuit components due to their unique electrical behavior. They are good insulators and can sustain large electric fields, making them excellent at storing electric charge. They can also turn a mechanical force, like squeezing, into electrical energy. |
26 April 2007 |
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Scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have discovered that drops of liquid with thicknesses of just a few billionths of a meter, or nanometers, are shaped differently than macroscopic liquid drops. |
25 April 2007 |
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At the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, researchers have determined the structure of an experimental, organic compound-based circuit component, called a “molecular electronic junction,” that is only a few nanometers (billionths of a meter) in dimension. This study may help scientists understand how the structure of molecular junctions relates to their performance and function and, in the longer term, may help incorporate these and other molecular-scale devices into a new generation of remarkably small electronics-based technologies. |
25 April 2007 |
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In deep space, protons are the most abundant type of charged particle. Therefore, before astronauts can safely travel far from Earth for long periods of time, it is important to know how protons affect cells, particularly the cells’ DNA. Now, at Brookhaven National Laboratory’s NASA Space Radiation Laboratory, scientists have found that protons are more damaging to DNA than previously assumed. |
25 April 2007 |
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Selection of the centers, slated to receive about $300 million over the next five years, marks the second half of the decade-long initiative funded largely by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, part of the National Institutes of Health. |
25 April 2007 |
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With the announcement of 10 new research centers, the Protein Structure Initiative launches the second phase of its national effort to find the three-dimensional shapes of a wide range of proteins. This structural information will help reveal the roles that proteins play in health and disease and will help point the way to designing new medicines. |
24 April 2007 |
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With the hope of designing more effective treatments for tuberculosis, scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory and collaborating institutions have published the first detailed reports on the biochemistry and structure of a protein-cleaving complex that is essential to the TB bacterium’s survival. |
24 April 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a new, high-throughput technique for identifying the many species of microorganisms living in an unknown “microbial community.” |
24 April 2007 |
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A “spin liquid” is a very unique, dynamic material in which each spin, the tiny magnetic field carried by an electron, is not frozen into place, producing clearly defined magnetic regions. Instead, the spins are free to change orientation. Because of this, external magnetic fields applied to spin liquids may produce changes that even extreme temperatures and pressures cannot. |
23 April 2007 |
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In the world of electronic and magnetic devices, the goal is to get smaller. “The smaller space one bit of information can occupy, the more data you can get into a device and the faster it can operate,” says Yimei Zhu, a senior scientist at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory. |
23 April 2007 |
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In the twenty years since the discovery of high-temperature superconductors, scientists have been trying to understand the mechanism by which electrons pair up and move coherently to carry electrical current with no resistance. “We are still at the beginning,” says Tonica Valla, a physicist at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, who will give a talk on his group’s latest results at the American Physical Society. “If anything,” he adds, “it looks like the story is getting more complicated.” |
22 April 2007 |
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By determining the molecular structure of a protein that enables malaria parasites to invade red blood cells, researchers have uncovered valuable clues for rational antimalarial drug design and vaccine development. |
22 April 2007 |
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Using probes originally designed to detect and image topographical features on surfaces, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have demonstrated the ability to initiate and spatially localize chemical reactions on the submicron scale. |
21 April 2007 |
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An international collaboration of scientists at the Department of Energy's Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory announced the first results of a new neutrino experiment. Sending a high-intensity beam of muon neutrinos from the lab’s site in Batavia, Illinois, to a particle detector in Soudan, Minnesota, scientists observed the disappearance of a significant fraction of these neutrinos. |
21 April 2007 |
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For the first time, researchers have directly measured the electronic structure of individual carbon nanotubes whose physical properties had already been determined. This new study, pioneered by researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory working with their colleagues at Columbia University, may help scientists determine the usefulness of carbon nanotubes in various applications, from microelectronics to mechanical, thermal, and photovoltaic devices. |
20 April 2007 |
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Researchers from BioSurface Engineering Technologies, Inc. and the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a synthetic peptide that mimics the effects of a tissue growth factor known as fibroblast growth factor, or FGF. FGFs are a family of proteins in the human body responsible for the proliferation, repair, and differentiation of cells in many tissues. BioSET has an exclusive license to develop and market these bioactive analogs. |
20 April 2007 |
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Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory and colleagues at Stony Brook University, the IRCCS NEUROMED Medical Center in Italy, and Georgetown University say improvements they have made to an experimental form of radiation therapy that has been under investigation for many years could make the technique more effective and eventually allow its use in hospitals. |
19 April 2007 |
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Collaborating with the McGill team, Brookhaven National Laboratory researchers Marc Allaire and Natalia Moiseeva from the Lab's National Synchrotron Light Source used x-rays to visualize a bacterial membrane protein complex. |
19 April 2007 |
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A substance used in nanotechnology contains unusual structures at its surface, a team of researchers led by Oleg Shpyrko, Distinguished Postdoctoral Fellow at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Argonne National Laboratory have learned. |
18 April 2007 |
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Ask anyone who has been addicted to drugs and they’ll tell you that the mere sight of someone using their drug of choice, or even people, places, or objects associated with drug use, can trigger an intense desire for the drug. Using sophisticated brain-imaging techniques at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, scientists from the National Institute on Drug Abuse, Brookhaven Lab, and the University of Pennsylvania have uncovered the brain chemistry that underlies such “cue-induced” craving in cocaine addicts. |
18 April 2007 |
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It doesn’t just matter how much radiation an astronaut is exposed to, time and the order in which charged particles strike human cells are important factors as well. That’s the main finding of a study simulating radiation exposure conducted at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory. In the study, human cells were three times more likely to develop properties similar to those in the initial stages of cancer when they were exposed to two types of high-energy particles in a short period of time. |
17 April 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a screening method to examine how newly made nanoparticles, particles with dimensions on the order of billionths of a meter, interact with human cells following exposure for various times and doses. This has led to the visualization of how human cells interact with some specific types of carbon nanoparticles. |
17 April 2007 |
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Finding more efficient ways of storing and using energy requires scientists to first look at the particles that set these fundamental processes in motion, the electrons. Controlling the movement of electrons through individual molecules could allow for the development of new technologies such as small-scale circuits to be used for a variety of applications including improved solar cells. |
16 April 2007 |
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With the rising cost and dwindling supply of fossil fuels, nuclear power may again be considered a plausible energy option in the U.S. Safety is the public’s major concern, and researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory are addressing one important aspect of that issue by investigating materials called ionic liquids. If these liquid salts were to be used in nuclear fuel reprocessing, the chemical removal of reusable nuclear material from spent nuclear reactor fuel, the risk of unintended nuclear chain reactions may be substantially reduced. |
16 April 2007 |
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“If the U.S. is to have a future hydrogen-based economy, we’ll need a way to generate abundant quantities of hydrogen safely and economically,” said Daniel (Niels) van der Lelie, a biologist at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory. |
15 April 2007 |
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Molecular imaging using positron emission tomography continues to provide new knowledge about how brain circuits are altered by addictive drugs. Chemist Joanna Fowler, Director of the Center for Translational Neuroimaging at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory and a pioneer in the development of radioactively “tagged” molecules used with PET. |
14 April 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have been using a high-resolution laser technique to learn how molecules absorb light and fall apart during photodissociation reactions, chemical decomposition reactions triggered by light. Studying the atomic-level details of such reactions allows scientists to test and refine theories of chemical reactions, and may help them in their quest to use light to control reaction outcomes. |
14 April 2007 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have been using a high-resolution laser technique to learn how molecules absorb light and fall apart during photodissociation reactions, chemical decomposition reactions triggered by light. Studying the atomic-level details of such reactions allows scientists to test and refine theories of chemical reactions, and may help them in their quest to use light to control reaction outcomes. |
14 April 2007 |
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Results from a brain-imaging study conducted at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory in collaboration with Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York indicate that levels of a brain protein proposed as a diagnostic marker for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder are not positively correlated with the disease. |
13 April 2007 |
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Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have found new clues to how the brain and the stomach interact with emotions to cause overeating and obesity. By looking at how the human brain responds to “fullness” messages sent to the brain by an implanted device that stimulates the stomach, the scientists have identified brain circuits that motivate the desire to overeat in the obese, the same circuits that cause addicted individuals to crave drugs. |
13 April 2007 |
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People addicted to cocaine have an impaired ability to perceive rewards and exercise control due to disruptions in the brain’s reward and control circuits, according to a series of brain-mapping studies and neuropsychological tests conducted at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory. |
12 April 2007 |
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The preliminary examination of space dust brought back to Earth by NASA’s Stardust spacecraft has been completed. |
12 April 2007 |
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Scientists studying a plant enzyme involved in producing chemicals for defense against fungal infections have found that this enzyme can perform two distinct functions depending on the raw materials present. The results include atomic-level protein structures that illustrate how distinct molecules take on similar shapes when bound with the enzyme, which makes the dual action possible. |
11 April 2007 |
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By making a single substitution in the amino acid sequence of a modern enzyme, scientists have changed its function into that of a theoretical distant ancestor, providing the first experimental evidence for the common origin of the two distinct enzyme types. |
11 April 2007 |
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If indeed “a diamond is forever,” the most primitive origins of Earth’s so-called black diamonds were in deep, universal time, geologists have discovered. Black diamonds came from none other than interstellar space. |
10 April 2007 |
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Dartmouth biologists are leading a research team that has learned where and how some plant seeds store iron, a valuable discovery for scientists working to improve the iron content of plants. This research helps address the worldwide issue of iron deficiency and malnutrition. Their findings were published online on Nov. 2 at ScienceExpress, the advance publication site for the journal Science. |
10 April 2007 |
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Research published online in the journal Science this week by Tonica Valla, a physicist at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory, appears to resolve one mystery in the 20-year study of high-temperature (high Tc) superconductors, materials that lose their resistance to the flow of electricity at relatively high temperatures. |
09 April 2007 |
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Platinum is the most efficient electrocatalyst for accelerating chemical reactions in fuel cells for electric vehicles. In reactions during the stop-and-go driving of an electric car, however, the platinum dissolves, which reduces its efficiency as a catalyst. This is a major impediment for vehicle-application of fuel cells. |
09 April 2007 |
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Scientists studying the germs that cause the Black Plague, plant infections, and colds have discovered that these three very different microorganisms share a common strategy: They all prevent the cells they're attacking from calling out for help. In a paper appearing in the November 24 issue of Science, the scientists describe how all three organisms produce a similar protein to interfere with the infected cells' chemical signaling pathways, which are designed to alert the immune system to attack the germs. |
13 November 2006 |
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Using nanoscale materials, researchers from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a method to make electrodes that are suitable for use in rechargeable lithium ion batteries and other electronic devices. |
25 September 2006 |
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A new study suggests that neither tamoxifen nor estrogen has a negative impact on brain chemistry in elderly women. These findings may quell concerns about the safety of using tamoxifen to reduce breast cancer risk in elderly women, say Thomas Ernst, Ph.D., of Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York, and coworkers from the Harbor-UCLA Research and Education Institute. |
13 June 2006 |
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Understanding the genetic makeup of microbes that thrive in polluted environments may one day help scientists engineer bacteria that can clean contaminants from soil. In a step toward that goal, the U.S. Department of Energy's Joint Genome Institute has just released the draft gene sequence of one such toxin-tolerant bug. The bacterium, known as Ralstonia metallidurans, is being deciphered by John Dunn and Geoffrey Hind, biologists at DOE's Brookhaven National Laboratory, in collaboration with scientists in Belgium and others at JGI. |
27 May 2006 |
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Using probes originally designed to detect and image topographical features on surfaces, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have demonstrated the ability to initiate and spatially localize chemical reactions on the submicron scale. |
20 April 2006 |
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Scientists at the US Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have created and investigated the properties of nanotubes made of a different, yet equally interesting material: cerium oxide. |
20 April 2006 |
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A scientist at the US Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory and the National Institute of Standards and Technology, has been able to freeze a spin liquid by applying a magnetic field. |
20 April 2006 |
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New research on Ritalin, a drug prescribed to millions of American children each year with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, shows for the first time how the drug acts in the human brain and why it is so effective. |
12 February 2006 |
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A new brain-imaging study offers insight into why individual patients respond differently to standard doses of Ritalin, a drug used to treat millions of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disordereach year. The study, conducted at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory’ |
02 February 2006 |
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Most materials get compacted or fall apart under pressure, but scientists working in an international collaboration between the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory and the School of Chemical Sciences at England’s University of Birmingham have discovered some that expand. These unusual materials may have applications as “molecular sponges” for soaking up chemical pollutants or even radioactive waste. |
31 October 2005 |
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Scientists working at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have found a molecular 'weak link' that may limit the productivity of some of the world's most commercially important strains of rice. Understanding this mechanism could lead to ways to improve the production of rice, the most important food source for more than half the world's population. |
15 October 2005 |
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A novel method for finding dielectric fluid leaks in underground high-voltage electric cables protects the environment and prevents street excavations, while saving utilities time and money, according to a new study. |
31 August 2005 |
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Trees in experimental forest plots bathed in atmospheric carbon dioxide at levels expected by the year 2050 experienced a 25 percent growth increase during the first two years of a continuing project, according to results from an ecological research facility built and co-run by the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory. |
31 July 2005 |
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The price of home heating oil is expected to skyrocket this season, perhaps to more than $2 per gallon. But researchers in the Combustion Equipment Technology Program at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory are working to improve fuel-oil efficiency to help homeowners and small businesses keep costs down. |
31 July 2005 |
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The newest and largest particle accelerator at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory is taking a break from recreating the conditions of the early universe to investigate another fundamental question that has puzzled physicists: Where do protons get their spin, a property of elementary particles as basic as mass and electrical charge? |
12 July 2005 |
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More than 400,000 Americans with advanced-stage bone cancer may one day find non-sedating relief for their excruciating bone pain, and possible treatment for their cancer, in a promising therapy now being tested in a nationwide clinical trial. |
12 June 2005 |
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The part of the brain that is abnormal in some people with obsessive-compulsive disorder may also play a key role in craving and abuse of cocaine. And, drug craving is associated more with the right side of the brain than the left. |
27 April 2005 |
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Research published in this week’s issue of Nature describes the molecular structure of two cancer-related proteins binding to one another. Scientists identified the biochemical and signaling properties of these molecules using a process called X-ray crystallography. The technique yielded the first-ever detailed pictures of the proteins interacting with each other, indicating which areas are most essential for the development of cancer. |
24 April 2005 |
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Physicists trace the 'hopping' of single electrons in magnetic materials |
21 March 2005 |
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Flexible displays that can be folded up in your pocket? More accurate biological and chemical sensors? Biocompatible electronics? Studies may help identify best materials for variety of future electronics applications |
21 March 2005 |
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Experiments on ceria (cerium oxide) nanoparticles carried out at the US Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory may lead to catalytic converters that are better at cleaning up auto exhaust, and/or to more-efficient ways of generating hydrogen - a promising zero-emission fuel for the future. |
15 March 2005 |
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Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a technique to detect defects in materials with picometer accuracy. |
13 March 2005 |
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Those seeking to design more efficient catalysts for the production of hydrogen and the control of air pollutants might do well to take a closer look at how chemistry works in nature, say scientists at the US Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory. |
24 January 2005 |
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Atmospheric scientists have long suspected that microscopic aerosol particles from industrial processes increase the brightness of clouds, resulting in greater reflection of sunlight and cooling of Earth’s climate. However, this supposition is based on model calculations rather than observations, and these model calculations are very uncertain. |
03 January 2005 |
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As part of an ongoing effort to understand how viruses infect cells, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have deciphered the molecular-level interaction between coxsackievirus, which infects the heart, brain, pancreas, and other organs, and the human cell protein to which it attaches. |
12 December 2004 |
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Knowing how clays absorb water at varying temperatures and humidities could help shore up undersea oil wells and improve the understanding of soil characteristics at construction sites. Now, using X-ray scattering at the National Synchrotron Light Source, located at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory, scientists have developed a way to 'fingerprint' and monitor the movement of water into and out of clays. |
30 November 2004 |
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New research may advance the nanoelectronics field, as scientists at the US Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory and their collaborators have discovered that a short, organic chain molecule with dimensions on the order of a nanometre conducts electrons in a surprising way. |
31 October 2004 |
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Better catalytic converters and smokestack 'scrubbers' could help keep pollutants out of the air. Studies on how pollutants stick to or are broken apart by certain materials, now under way at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory, could be a step in that direction. Brookhaven scientists will present results of one aspect of this work, how magnesium oxide (MgO) adsorbs hydrogen sulfide (H2S). |
10 October 2004 |
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Tiny, naturally occurring bacteria may be the answer to two problems that weigh heavily on the oil industry: vast reserves of crude oil left in the ground by conventional extraction techniques, and crudes too heavy and impure to refine easily into clean-burning fuel. |
03 October 2004 |
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The U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory and DuPont’s Central Research and Development Department in Wilmington, Delaware, have developed a new class of catalysts that could someday convert plant-derived feedstocks, or raw materials, into industrially useful materials, such as chemicals and synthetic fibers. |
29 September 2004 |
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The U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory and Schering AG, a pharmaceutical company, have signed a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement to develop a safer, higher-quality medical imaging method. Schering will formulate an improved X-ray radiographic contrast agent, while Brookhaven develops a device to select the portion of the X-ray energy spectrum that will make that agent most visible on radiographs. |
23 September 2004 |
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Scientists from the US Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory and the University of Florida have uncovered information that may help 'molecular wires' replace silicon in micro-electronic circuits and/or components in solar energy storage systems. The scientists were studying how electric charge is distributed in polymer molecule chains that are several nanometres in length. |
22 August 2004 |
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In research that could help assess the radiation risks faced by astronauts, improve the cancer-killing potential of radiation therapy, and distinguish between DNA damage caused by normal living and that caused by low-level radiation, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a new way to detect and quantify varieties of radiation damage that previously could not be measured. |
27 July 2004 |
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Scientists at the US Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory and the New Jersey Institute of Technology have taken steps toward understanding how a titanium compound reacts with a hydrogen-storage material to catalyse the release and re-absorption of hydrogen. |
23 July 2004 |
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Nicotine is widely believed to trigger dependence by elevating certain brain chemicals associated with pleasure and reward. Now, a study in rats at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory shows that topiramate, a new anticonvulsant drug sold under the brand name Topamax, currently used for the treatment of epilepsy, can block some of the nicotine-triggered changes in brain chemistry, and may have potential for the treatment of nicotine addiction in humans. |
13 July 2004 |
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A team of physicists led by the University of California, San Diego has taken a major step forward in the evolving story of superconductors, the materials that lose resistance to electricity. |
05 July 2004 |
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Scientists at the US Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have found evidence to prove why adding a small amount of calcium to a common high-temperature superconductor significantly increases the amount of electric current the material can carry. |
07 June 2004 |
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Scientists have discovered evidence supporting a possible mechanism for high-temperature superconductivity that had previously appeared incompatible with certain experimental observations. |
02 June 2004 |
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A new brain-imaging study at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory reveals that, compared with people who don’t use drugs, people who abuse methamphetamine have fewer receptors for dopamine, a brain chemical associated with feelings of reward and pleasure. Furthermore, in the drug abusers, low dopamine receptor levels were linked with reduced metabolic activity in a brain region that regulates motivation and “drive.” |
15 May 2004 |
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Research by Young-June Kim, a physicist at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory, may help determine how a class of materials already used in electronic circuits could be used in optical, or light-based, circuits, which could replace standard electrical circuits in telecommunications, computer networking, and other areas of technology. |
26 March 2004 |
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A scientist at the US Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory, working with colleagues at the IBM TJ Watson Research Center, has caused an individual carbon nanotube to emit light for the first time. |
25 March 2004 |
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Researchers at the US Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have discovered an interesting type of electronic behaviour in a recently discovered class of superconductors known as cobalt oxides, or cobaltates. |
23 March 2004 |
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The toxins produced by Clostridium botulinum bacteria are among the deadliest known to humankind. A drop ingested can paralyze the body, including the muscles responsible for breathing, leading to death by asphyxiation. |
13 March 2004 |
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The day may soon come when contaminated sediment dredged from the New York/New Jersey Harbor can be cleaned and turned into a useful product, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. |
28 February 2004 |
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A new brain-imaging study at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory indicates that some of the damage caused by methamphetamine, a drug abused by ever-increasing numbers of Americans, can be reversed by prolonged abstinence from the drug. |
13 February 2004 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have devised a way to combine chemical treatment with 'pollutant-busting' bacteria to remove cadmium from contaminated soil. |
15 January 2004 |
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Researchers from the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory and the State University of New York at Stony Brook have gained new insight into the biochemistry of the reward circuits in the brain that are related to drug addiction. |
02 December 2003 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have found a way to make a plant enzyme that is 100 times more efficient than similar enzymes found in nature. |
13 November 2003 |
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An experimental form of radiation therapy, known as microbeam radiation therapy, now under development at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory, appears to be less damaging to healthy brain tissue than traditional radiation therapy. |
23 September 2003 |
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While attempting to 'photograph' the chemical reactions of an important enzyme of the nervous system, an international team of scientists found that the 'flash' they were using, a high-intensity X-ray beam, was systematically destroying their target. The resulting 'movie' of molecular images is the first-ever direct observation of how proteins break apart when exposed to high-energy X-rays. |
17 September 2003 |
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The Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory and Psimei Pharmaceuticals Limited have signed a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement to develop Brookhaven-invented boron compounds for use in an experimental radiation therapy for cancer, as well as in other cancer treatments. |
30 August 2003 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have received an award for a three-year research program credited with reviving the geothermal heat pump industry in northern New Jersey. |
17 July 2003 |
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If you're tired of cell phones and laptops that quickly lose their charge, or worse, their ability to be recharged, help may be on the way from the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory. There, BNL scientists James Reilly, Gordana Adzic, John Johnson, Thomas Vogt, and James McBreen have developed a new metal alloy that could greatly improve the performance of rechargeable batteries for portable electronic devices and electric and hybrid electric cars. |
11 June 2003 |
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A team of scientists working at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory has determined the atomic structure of a key enzyme that performs several important chemical jobs in the body, including synthesizing estrogen and detoxifying chemicals as they enter the body. In addition, the enzyme may have medical and commercial applications in cancer therapy, in reducing pollution in industrial waste streams, and in manufacturing epoxies. |
30 April 2003 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory are studying a mysterious material that may lead to significant advances in the miniaturization of electronics. |
27 April 2003 |
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As a member of the Oilseed Engineering Alliance, the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory will carry out basic research that may enhance the quantity and quality of oils in several crops, such as soybean, canola and sunflower crops. |
31 March 2003 |
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The U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory has joined with Gould Electronics, Inc., to create more efficient, more environmentally friendly batteries. Developed about a decade ago, light-weight and rechargeable lithium-ion batteries are used today in laptop computers and cellular phones, and they will most likely be the battery of choice for electric cars in the future. |
12 February 2003 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have shown that increasing the level of a brain protein important for transmitting pleasure signals can turn rats that prefer alcohol into light drinkers, and those with no preference into near teetotalers. |
29 January 2003 |
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Dopamine, a brain chemical associated with addiction to cocaine, alcohol, and other drugs, may also play an important role in obesity. According to a study by scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory, obese people have fewer receptors for dopamine, a neurotransmitter that helps produce feelings of satisfaction and pleasure. |
29 December 2002 |
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In the world of electronic circuits, smaller is better: Small circuits, such as those used in computers, run faster and process more data. One key to developing smaller circuits is making tiny wires. |
01 October 2002 |
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In what could be a first step toward finding a cure for the common cold, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have discovered how one form of cold virus binds to human cells. The discovery, appearing in this week's issue of Science, could lead to the development of drugs that block infection. |
13 September 2002 |
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A research team working at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory has determined the three-dimensional structure of a key protein on the bacterium that causes Lyme disease. Called OspC, the protein is derived from two strains of the Lyme disease bacterium. This research may lead to a second-generation vaccine that would be more effective than the current one. |
13 August 2002 |
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How does aging affect the brain? Researchers from the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory, the State University of New York at Stony Brook and the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have found chemical changes in the brain that may underlie the cognitive deterioration associated with aging. |
07 July 2002 |
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Two studies by researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory provide evidence for the first time that abuse of methamphetamine, the drug commonly known as 'speed', is associated with physiological changes in two systems of the human brain. The changes are evident even for abusers who have not taken the drug for a year or more. |
19 May 2002 |
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Anecdotal reports suggest that addicts crave drugs when they visit places where they've routinely used drugs. Now, a new study funded by the U.S. Department of Energy and conducted at Brookhaven National Laboratory shows that, in animals, such environmental cues trigger measurable increases in dopamine, a brain chemical closely linked with addiction. Even more important, lab scientists demonstrate that a therapeutic agent they've been studying as a potential treatment for addiction completely blocks this environmentally triggered increase in dopamine. |
13 March 2002 |
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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory are developing a wide array of metallic 'tags' to label proteins and other molecules. These tags will expand the toolbox scientists use to decode molecular structures, diagnose and treat diseases, and trace the movement of antibodies and drugs within cells. |
14 February 2002 |
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The National Institutes of Health and the Department of Energy announced a new collaboration to upgrade two of the nation's premier synchrotron X-ray facilities. The upgrades will increase the nation's ability to measure the structure of complex materials such as proteins in order to learn more about how they function. |
13 February 2002 |
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Biodiversity is an important factor regulating how ecosystems will respond to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide, say researchers from the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory and their collaborators from several universities. |
02 February 2002 |
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