Research & Development |
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Paleontologist Paul Sereno has uncovered the remains of a giant prehistoric crocodile from the African Sahara that dwarfs its modern counterparts. The animal, called Sarcosuchus imperator (“flesh crocodile emperor”), grew to a length of 40 feet and weighed eight tons, twice as much as an elephant. Modern crocodiles rarely exceed 14 feet and weigh no more than half a ton. |
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Susan Goldin-Meadow and her colleagues have discovered that gesturing while speaking aids a speaker’s memory when explaining information that was previously learned. |
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A major study by University researchers who videotaped street activity on thousands of blocks throughout Chicago shows there is a much smaller connection than commonly believed between a neighborhood’s appearance and its crime rate. |
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University researchers have found for the first time that airborne “chemosignals,” substances undetectable as odors, have a measurable impact on brain metabolism, according. |
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Exposure before birth to methamphetamine, the world’s second most widely used illicit drug, according to the World Health Organization, renders males, even as adults, much more susceptible to the drug’s brain-damaging effects, reveal University researchers in a study performed on mice. |
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A new study by researchers in the University Medical Center gives patients and physicians specific recommendations for discontinuing the use of herbal medications prior to surgery. In the Journal of the American Medical Association, the three physicians assess the interactions between herbs, anesthesia and surgery and suggest ways to reduce the associated risks. |
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Once every 11 years, the sun’s magnetic field flips over, causing a great deal of commotion; large solar flares send great geysers of hot gas and huge quantities of charged particles erupting from the surface and streaming into space during a period called “solar maximum.” |
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Elizabeth Grove, Assistant Professor in Neurobiology, Pharmacology & Physiology, and Tomomi Fukuchi-Shimogori, a postdoctoral fellow, have discovered a molecular mechanism associated with brain development. |
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A team of researchers at the University, the University of Michigan and others has identified the first genetic abnormality that increases susceptibility to Crohn’s disease. |
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In a report in The New England Journal of Medicine, an international team of researchers from Chicago, the University of Bergen, Norway, and the San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Italy, describes two cases of neonatal diabetes resulting from a complete deficiency of glucokinase, an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood-sugar levels. |
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This image of a portion of the Small Magellanic Cloud was taken by the Hubble Space Telescope. Welty and his colleagues used the HST imaging spectrograph to probe the space between the stars of the Small Magellanic Cloud. |
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The leading theory regarding the origin of the universe has just passed another major test, one posed by University astronomers and their colleagues working at a National Science Foundation observatory at the South Pole. |
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Sidney Nagel, the Stein-Freiler Distinguished Service Professor in Physics, and Milan Mrksich, Associate Professor in Chemistry, have completed the first major step in developing a coating to protect islets from the immune system. They have developed one of the world’s smallest shrink-wrap systems, one that may eventually be used for cell transplantation in patients suffering from diabetes millitus. |
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Dario Maestripieri, Assistant Professor in the Committee on Human Development and the Committee on Evolutionary Biology, has studied the behaviors of nonhuman primates in his research. His most recent study found that these primates bond with their offspring and demonstrate a strong motivation to look after their young. |
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Researchers from the University, Columbia University and Baylor University have separately identified genetic abnormalities in mice that are responsible for the multiple malformations associated with a human disorder called DiGeorge syndrome, which is the second most common genetic cause of heart defects. |
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Students beginning school in small classes continue to benefit many years later and outscore other students in high school mathematics, according to new research co-authored by scholars at the University. |
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Scientists are deducing the internal circuitry of the visual brain by mathematically reproducing the geometric hallucinations people see when they ingest mind-altering drugs, view bright, flickering lights or encounter near-death experiences. |
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University researchers show in a study, that the language environment children experience greatly influences their individual differences in syntax acquisition. This finding challenges a long-standing contention that syntax, the organization of words into sentences, develops uniformly and naturally because of inborn characteristics. |
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Physicians who concentrate on hospital care produce better results than the general internists who have traditionally managed hospital stays, a study by University researchers showed. |
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The proposed Rare Isotope Accelerator at Argonne National Laboratory will provide nuclear physicists with an unprecedented variety of beams of short-lived radioactive elements, many at intensities more than 100,000 times those currently available. These beams also will produce high heat levels. |
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When University physicist Sean Carroll began planning a schedule of speakers for the COSMO-02 workshop that assembled 275 cosmologists in Chicago last month, John Carlstrom, the S. Chandrasekhar Professor in Astronomy & Astrophysics and the College, was not on the program. But Carroll gratefully made last-minute arrangements that would allow Carlstrom to announce his team’s latest experimental results from the Degree Angular Scale Interferometer. |
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Earlier this month, Edward Laumann, the George Herbert Meade Distinguished Service Professor in Sociology, presented his latest research results on the differences between men and women in age-related sexual dysfunction at a conference of the International Society for the Study of Women’s Sexual Health. |
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On any given day, there are approximately 84,000 women in federal and state prisons and nearly 70,000 additional women incarcerated in county jails, numbers that are now doubling every seven to eight years. Most of these women were custodial parents prior to their incarceration, so when they go to prison, children are often left behind. |
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Researchers at the University have found a way to combine cancer chemotherapy with gene therapy designed to disrupt the growth of blood vessels to a tumor. The combination, tested in mice, is far more effective than standard chemotherapy and has no additional side effects. This innovative approach is described in the August issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation. |
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Researchers at the University have identified a gene defect that causes the development of leukemia in children with Down syndrome. The discovery could speed diagnosis and provide a new target for therapy. |
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