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News by Date: March 2007

Argonne research could lead to cooler aluminum production
31 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory and NorandaFalconbridge, Inc. are developing a way to produce aluminum at significantly reduced temperatures. The collaborative research effort could eventually lead to significant reductions in the energy costs and emissions of greenhouse gases associated with aluminum production.
Ceramic membranes could help fuel hydrogen future
31 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
Ceramic membranes developed at Argonne could bring fuel-cell cars closer to reality by efficiently and inexpensively extracting hydrogen from fossil fuels. 'Ceramic membranes make possible the widespread use of hydrogen,' said senior ceramist Balu Balachandran. 'Hydrogen is a fuel of choice for the future. This technology provides the means to get there.' Balachandran is section manager of the ceramics section in Argonne's Energy Technology Division.
North Pole’s ancient past holds lessons for future global warming
31 March 2007 - Yale University
Detailed information on greenhouse gasses and a subtropical heat wave at the North Pole 55 million years ago is providing information about the Earth’s past as well as a portent for its future.
Drug may help weight-concerned smokers trying to quit
31 March 2007 - Yale University
The drug naltrexone might help reduce weight gain in smokers as they try to quit, according to a study by Yale School of Medicine researchers published this week in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
Spitting cobras optimise their accuracy by rapid head movements
31 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
Spitting cobras spit their venom into the faces of potential attackers, according to some reports even across a distance of several metres. This venomous cocktail of toxins hits the victim's eyes surprisingly often and may leave them blinded. University of Bonn zoologists have discovered how the snakes optimise their accuracy rate: while they are squirting the venom out of their fangs at high speed, they move their heads to and fro in a circling or bobbing movement.
New successes in mice with muscular dystrophy
31 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
The diagnosis 'muscular dystrophy' is usually tantamount to a death sentence for those affected. One in three thousand male babies suffer from this incurable hereditary disease. The progress of the disease can only be slowed down through physiotherapy and medication. Scientists at Bonn University and at Pittsburgh Children's Hospital (USA) have now isolated a specific type of stem cell which can improve the regeneration of damaged muscle cells in mice suffering from muscular dystrophy.
Why do people with learning difficulties self-harm?
31 March 2007 - University of Bristol
A research project that will look at why people with learning difficulties self-harm has been awarded over £250,000 by the Big Lottery Fund. The three-year project will be carried out by Bristol University’s Norah Fry Research Centre and the Bristol Crisis Service for Women.
Suicidal thoughts more common among women
31 March 2007 - University of Bristol
One in 38 women and 1 in 50 men in Britain develop suicidal thoughts in a year, but less than 1 in 200 of these people kill themselves, according to new work published in the November issue of the British Journal of Psychiatry. The research was carried out by the University of Bristol and the Office for National Statistics.
NEXYGENPlus gives materials testers direct interface
31 March 2007 - Lloyd Instruments
The new NEXYGENPlus software interface for the Lloyd Instruments range of ‘Plus’ and EZ materials testing machines now allows materials testers to be seamlessly integrated into production lines. NEXYGENPlus facilitates integration with production control systems and statistical process control packages, and can even be configured to issue operator warnings if a sample fails a particular test.
Water quality surges ahead through bead testing
31 March 2007 - Lloyd Instruments
As a world leading manufacturer of ion exchange resins, Thermax Pvt Ltd, based in India, knows all there is to know about water purification. Naturally, the tiny polymer beads that make up a typical ion exchange column require highstandards of manufacturing precision to be effective in water purification.
High-quality materials from Bayer MaterialScience are responsible for t the EXTRACT tweezers
31 March 2007 - Bayer MaterialScience AG
The light focused on the tips of the tweezers comes from LEDs integrated in the body of the tweezers together with a battery and other electronic components. The arms are made of the transparent polycarbonate Makrolon. They are coated with a special polyurethane coating, which creates the “SmartSwitch System” when used in combination with the polycarbonate.
The perfect potato?
30 March 2007 - Lloyd Instruments
Texture analysis has important implications for quality in potato products, says Lloyd Instruments.
New materials testing interface set to transform the technique
30 March 2007 - Lloyd Instruments
NEXYGENPlus, a new software interface for the Lloyd Instruments range of ‘Plus’ and EZ materials testing machines, has its first ever showing in Germany. NEXYGENPlus acts as the hub of the materials testing system, linking all components together to allow the operator to control and monitor all aspects of the system from a single interface.
Bristol scientists find key to unlock body's own cancer defence
30 March 2007 - University of Bristol
Scientists at Bristol University have found that a protein present in normal body tissues can prevent tumour growth. A team led by Dr Dave Bates, British Heart Foundation Lecturer, and Dr Steve Harper, Senior Research Fellow in the Microvascular Research Laboratories, in the Department of Physiology at Bristol University, have discovered that a type of vascular endothelial growth factor found in normal tissue, including blood, can prevent cancers from growing.
New treatment for food poisoning
30 March 2007 - University of Bristol
A team of researchers working at the University of Bristol has found a potential new treatment for listeriosis, a deadly form of food poisoning. Their work is reported in Nature Medicine.
Mutation protects from HIV and increases risk of hepatitis C
30 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
More than 40 million people worldwide are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus HIV. In Africa alone this incurable immune deficiency caused more than two million deaths last year. Yet some people are resistant to infection: the reason for this is a mutation in their DNA which prevents the HIV virus from invading certain immune cells and destroying them.
Babies decode some types of information on perspective as early as five months
30 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
At the tender age of five months babies can be fooled by complex information about distances in drawings involving perspective, psychologists from the University of Bonn have shown. They fixed two rubber figures onto a picture on which a chessboard pattern appeared to be receding away from the babies. The babies then tried to grab the toy which seemed nearer to them because of the information on distance implied by the drawing.
Minimal cocktail for growing human embryonic stem cells established
30 March 2007 - Yale University
Researchers at Yale have established the minimal nutritional requirements for growing and maintaining human embryonic stem cells, a recipe that is critical for clinical application and for developmental studies, according to an early online report this week in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Evidence for ultra-energetic particles in jet from black hole
30 March 2007 - Yale University
An international team of astronomers led by researchers at Yale has obtained key infrared observations that reveal the nature of quasar particle jets that originate just outside super-massive black holes at the center of galaxies and radiate across the spectrum from radio to X-ray wavelengths; a complementary study of jet X-ray emission led by astronomers at the University of Southampton, reaches the same conclusion.
Researchers explore confinement of light with metal nanoparticles
30 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory are making strides towards understanding and manipulating light at the nanoscale by using the unusual optical properties of metal nanoparticles, opening the door to microscopic-sized devices such as optical circuits and switches.
Water cleanup is for the birds
30 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
In an environmental restoration effort that will benefit birds and humans alike, scientists in Argonne's Environmental Research Division are helping to restore a wetland wildlife sanctuary near Utica, Neb., while cleaning up the town's contaminated groundwater. This is the first time that spray irrigation, commonly used on farms, has been used to restore both groundwater and wetlands.
DISSCO makes music for Argonne, UIUC researchers
29 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
A mathematician and a musician have teamed up to create a new computer program that both composes music and creates the instrumentation to play it. The software is available for free from SourceForge.net.
Counting atoms that aren't there, in stars that no longer exist
29 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory have reached for the stars, and seen what's inside. Argonne scientists, in collaboration with colleagues at the University of Chicago, Washington University and the Universita di Torino in Italy, examined stardust from a meteorite and found remnants of now-extinct technetium atoms made in stars long ago.
Power plants are major influence in regional mercury emissions
29 March 2007 - Yale University
The amount of mercury emitted into the atmosphere in the Northeast fluctuates annually depending on activity in the electric power industry, according to researchers at the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies.
Brain compensates for aging by becoming less Specialized
29 March 2007 - Yale University
One of two separate areas of the brain light up when younger people look at a house or a face, but each image activates both areas of the brain at the same time in older persons, according to a study published by Yale University and the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, this month in NeuroReport.
Bonn study shows: since 1880 climate gases have caused just under half of global warming
29 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
Humanity does seem to have been a major contributor to global warming after all. This has been demonstrated by new simulations carried out at the University of Bonn. The Bonn meteorologists used about 30 different models to investigate how the Earth's average annual temperature would have developed with and without the influence of climate gases.
Test persons needed for study
29 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
How do people do the washing up in Europe nowadays? Bonn researchers are examining this issue scientifically. They have launched a survey titled 'Manual dishwashing in Europe'. Test persons are required to wash a pile of dishes that the scientists have previously made dirty, according to scientific criteria, of course. With this exercise, Professor Dr. Rainer Stamminger of the University of Bonn intends to find out how Europeans differ in terms of their washing up habits.
The cradle of golf stood not in the Highlands.. but in the Low Countries, claims a sports historian
29 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
Until the beginning of the British Open, everything had been just fine for the unsuspecting Scots who had always considered themselves the inventors of golf. Scotland's claim to being the country of the game's origin rested on 15th century Acts of Parliament. In a resolution of 6 March 1457, football and golf were banned, and in 1491 Parliament even went a step further and forbade football and gold and other 'unprofitable' games altogether.
Supercomputers to transform science
29 March 2007 - University of Bristol
New insights into the structure of space and time, climate modeling, and the design of novel drugs, are but a few of the many research areas that will be transformed by the installation of three supercomputers at the University of Bristol.
Lloyd Instruments launches new polymer test equipment
29 March 2007 - Lloyd Instruments
First opportunity in the People’s Republic of China to see Lloyd Instruments’ versatile new EXPlus extensometer and the recently upgraded Davenport HDT/Vicat measurement instrument. Another recent announcement has been the availability of Davenport Melt Viscometer for PET with full compatibility with the company’s powerful Windows-based NEXYGEN-Davenport polymer test and data analysis software. Also on show at Chinaplas are the LFPlus single column test instrument, and the MFI-10 melt flow indexer.
A new study of atopic disease in families found fathers' genes play an equal part in spread of eczema
29 March 2007 - University of Bristol
Doctors have known for many years that eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, runs in families. In the past, it was thought that if a baby suffered from eczema, it was more likely to have come from the mother's side.
New materials testers for medical device testing
29 March 2007 - Lloyd Instruments
Lloyd Instruments offers the ‘Plus’ Series of single and twin column materials testing machines for the evaluation of mechanical properties and performance of medical devices, components and medical packaging ranging from surgical implants to colostomy bags and bone cement. With PC control via the brand new NEXYGENPlus software user interface, the ‘Plus’ Series can be used for tensile, compression, flexural and friction test applications including high volume automated testing.
New materials testing interface
28 March 2007 - Lloyd Instruments
Lloyd Instruments has announced the launch of NEXYGENPlus, a new software interface for its range of ‘Plus’ and EZ Series materials testing machines. NEXYGENPlus acts as the hub of the materials testing system, linking all components together to allow the operator to control and monitor all aspects of the system from a single interface.
Does the lack of sleep make you fat?
28 March 2007 - University of Bristol
The recent rise in obesity may be partly due to the reduced amount of time we spend asleep, according to new research from the University of Bristol, UK. Dr Shahrad Taheri from Bristol University, and colleagues in the United States, examined the role of two key hormones that are involved in regulating appetite, ghrelin and leptin. Ghrelin increases feelings of hunger while leptin acts to suppress appetite.
New NEXYGENPlus materials testing interface
28 March 2007 - Lloyd Instruments
AMETEK S.A.S. will be showing a Lloyd Instruments’ LRXPlus 5 kN single column universal materials testing machine, with the first chance to see the revolutionary new multi-lingual software interface, NEXYGENPlus. NEXYGENPlus acts as the hub of the materials testing system, linking all components together to allow the operator to control and monitor all aspects of the system from a single interface. It has been designed for use with Lloyd Instruments’ entire range of ‘Plus’ and EZ materials testing machines.
Common congenital birth defect can lead to increased risk of heart disease in later life
28 March 2007 - University of Bristol
A collaboration between scientists and surgeons at Bristol University and the Bristol Royal Hospital for Children have revealed that a common congenital birth defect affecting the heart and blood pressure, which can be corrected by surgery, dramatically increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in later life due to changes within the nervous system.
New procedure for improved urinary stone prognosis
28 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
The symptoms are dramatic: unbearable pain, blood-red urine, and nausea. Approximately five percent of the German population suffer at least one episode of ureteral colic in their life. This is caused by stones which are dislodged from the renal pelvis and which then get stuck in the ureter.
A study shows that when the boss keeps breathing down your neck, your motivation plummets
28 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
'Everyone only does as much as they absolutely have to,' is a key tenet of Economics. However, a new study by the University of Bonn proves the exact opposite: most people do more than they have to, unless they are being supervised. If they are, motivation and efficiency nosedive.
Conscious and unconscious memory linked in storing new information
28 March 2007 - Yale University
The way the brain stores new, conscious information such as a first kiss or a childhood home is strongly linked to the way the human brain stores unconscious information, researchers at Yale report this month in an article featured on the cover of Neuron.
75-year-old molecular-chemistry reaction-rate problem solved
28 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
A 75-year-old problem in molecular chemistry has been solved by a team of researchers from Argonne and several other institutions. For the first time, theory and experiment have converged, enabling chemists to predict the rate of a chemical reaction with near-perfect accuracy.
Making a Face: A new and earlier marker of neural crest development
28 March 2007 - Yale University
The fate of cells that go on to form the face, skull and nerve centers of the head and neck in vertebrates is determined much earlier in development than previously thought, and is independent of interaction with other forming tissues, according to a recent study published in the journal Nature.
Argonne researchers becoming nation's experts in lithium-battery technology
28 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
Next-generation soldiers will wear vests with a battery to power the many high-tech devices that modern soldiers use in battle. Argonne, the nation's expert in lithium battery research, is developing the materials and cell chemistry for that battery.
New technology could fuel biorefinery growth
27 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory and Archer Daniels Midland Co. are developing a separative bioreactor that efficiently turns sugar from corn into valuable chemicals. The technology could help bio-based chemicals replace large amounts of petrochemicals, thereby reducing U.S. dependence on foreign oil, benefiting rural economies and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Adult male circumcision could reduce the HIV epidemic in Africa
27 March 2007 - Yale University
Even modest programs advocating adult male circumcision can substantially prevent HIV infections and should be implemented immediately, researchers at Yale School of Medicine reported recently at the 16th International AIDS Conference in Toronto.
New technique dates Saharan groundwater as million years old
27 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
The Sahara Desert was once a lush, green landscape dotted with lakes and ponds. Evidence of this past verdancy lies hidden beneath the sands of Egypt and Libya, in the form of a huge aquifer of fresh groundwater. An international team of geologists and physicists has found that this groundwater has been flowing slowly northward (at about the rate grass grows) for the past million years. Their findings are published in the March issue of Geophysical Research Letters.
Large family study pinpoints genetic linkage in drug addiction
27 March 2007 - Yale University
Based on data obtained from one of the largest family sets of its kind, Yale School of Medicine researchers have identified a genetic linkage for dependence on drugs such as heroin, morphine and oxycontin.
The most species-rich area is the Borneo lowland rainforest with some 10,000 different plants
27 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
For years, experts have been calling for an improved database that would enable them to develop more effective global nature conservation strategies. The atlas is arranged in 867 zones, known as ecoregions. 'This makes the data on the world's plant diversity accessible in accordance with a common geographical standard,' explains Gerold Kier, head of the project at Bonn University's Nees Institute for Plant Biodiversity. This work, says Kier, represents a significant advance because the results are needed both for nature conservation planners and those engaged in basic research.
Medical team develops 3D babyscan for children in the womb
27 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
Eight out of 1000 new-born babies are born with a heart defect. It's a blessing in disguise if the anomaly is detected before birth and the expectant mother is transferred where necessary to a specialist centre: if treated properly, the baby has substantially better chances of survival, with the risk of undesirable after-effects, e.g. resulting from lack of oxygen or poor perfusion of the organs, being reduced.
Minimum dose for children with fever, parents advised
27 March 2007 - University of Bristol
Parents should be advised to use the minimum dose necessary when treating a child with fever, say researchers from the University of Bristol in the British Medical Journal.
Climate research breakthrough
27 March 2007 - University of Bristol
A long standing puzzle that has haunted climate researchers looking at the fate of carbon stored in the world’s soils, has now been resolved. The research suggests that climate warming may be occurring even faster than previously recognised.
Special materials testing systems a speciality!
27 March 2007 - Lloyd Instruments
Lloyd Instruments’ thriving “Customer Specials” Department has recently produced special versions of its 50kN LR50KPlus and 10kN LR10KPlus twin column universal testing machines. To meet our customer’s exacting application requirements, the LR50KPlus was produced with a wider distance between the columns, whilst a shortened version of the LR10KPlus was manufactured to fit into a particularly small laboratory space.
New brochure for plastic and polymer testing instruments
27 March 2007 - Lloyd Instruments
Lloyd Instruments has issued a new full colour brochure for its Davenport range of plastics and polymer testing instruments. Instruments from this comprehensive range are specified in many international testing standards, allowing critical polymer parameters to be determined.
FTPlus friction tester launched
26 March 2007 - Lloyd Instruments
Lloyd Instruments has announced the launch of the FTPlus friction tester, a high accuracy, bench-mounted single lead screw instrument. This dedicated instrument conforms to the requirements of the key ASTM D1894, ISO 8295 and TAPPI T549 friction testing standards and has extensive applications in the packaging and printing industries. The FTPlus can be used for measurements of static and kinetic coefficients of friction, peak load and average load.
New test jig for contact lens blister pack testing
26 March 2007 - Lloyd Instruments
Lloyd Instruments has developed a special jig for easy determination of peel strength of the aluminium foil on contact lens blister packs. Designed for use primarily with the low force LFPlus single column materials testing machine, the jig features a self-adjusting sliding bed for true 90° peel tests.
Cooling lessens brain damage
26 March 2007 - University of Bristol
Cooling the brains of babies deprived of oxygen at birth can reduce the risk of brain damage and cerebral palsy, according to an international study. To achieve cooling, the body temperature of babies in the trial was lowered by 3-4 degrees for 72 hours after birth, using a water-filled cap.
Helping the addicts of today and tomorrow
26 March 2007 - University of Bristol
A study exploring how trauma is linked with subsequent drug misuse has been published by Bristol University. The study, ‘The Southmead Project: practices and processes’, was carried out by Bristol University’s Graduate School of Education and funded by the European Social Fund and the Higher Education Funding Council for England.
Europe-wide survey reveals considerable individual differences
26 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
Wastefulness already starts in the sink at home. Often enough, more than ten times the amount of water and energy is used in doing the washing-up than the resource-friendly economy dish-washer requires, without any significantly better effect being achieved. These are the initial results of a survey at the University of Bonn in which home economics technologist Professor Dr. Rainer Stamminger and his team of researchers have examined the washing-up behaviour of 75 test-persons from seven European countries.
Tendency to hair loss inherited from the mother
26 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
The male sex hormones really do seem to play a decisive role in causing hair loss in men. This has been confirmed by scientists from the universities of Bonn and Düsseldorf. Their studies show that specific changes in the genetic 'construction manual' of the androgen receptor may result in premature balding.
Brain communicates in analog and digital modes simultaneously
26 March 2007 - Yale University
Contrary to popular belief, brain cells use a mix of analog and digital coding at the same time to communicate efficiently, according to a study by Yale School of Medicine researchers published this week in Nature.
Electricity controls nanocrystal shape
26 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
Wires, tubes and brushes make it possible to build and maintain the machines and devices we use on a daily basis. Now, with help from a surprising source, these same building blocks can easily be created on a scale 10,000 times smaller than the period at the end of this sentence.
Controlling behavior of children with tourette and tic disorders
26 March 2007 - Yale University
A program to train parents how to manage the disruptive behavior of children with Tourette syndrome and tic disorders works well, according to a pilot study conducted by Yale School of Nursing and the Yale Child Study Center.
New bioreactor could pave way for chemical feed stocks from biomass
26 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
When Argonne biochemical engineer Seth Snyder drives past a corn field on the outskirts of Chicago, he sees the potential to reduce U.S. dependence on foreign oil while benefiting rural economies. Snyder and his colleagues in Argonne's Energy Systems Division are partners with agribusiness giant Archer Daniels Midland Co., Decatur, Ill., in a cooperative research and development agreement to develop a technology that turns corn sugars into valuable chemicals.
SAMM to boost microscopy capabilities
25 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
The U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory will soon be home to a new Sub-Angstrom Microscopy and Microanalysis facility, which will house four cutting-edge electron microscopes. Construction is underway and is expected to be complete next summer.
X-ray method speeds study of mineral-water interfaces
25 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory have taken the guesswork out of interfacial structure determination. Their work is published in the April 10 issue of Surface Science Letters.
Bacterial protein shows promise for treating intestinal parasites
25 March 2007 - Yale University
Scientists at the University of California, San Diego and Yale University have discovered that a natural protein produced by Bacillus thuringiensis, the bacterium sprayed on crops by organic farmers to reduce insect damage, is highly effective at treating hookworm infections in laboratory animals.
Yale researchers find environmental toxins disruptive to hearing in mammals
25 March 2007 - Yale University
Yale School of Medicine researchers have new data showing chloride ions are critical to hearing in mammals, which builds on previous research showing a chemical used to keep barnacles off boats might disrupt the balance of these ions in ear cells.
Effective, cheap, few side-effects
25 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
‘The importance of these findings for therapy should not be underestimated,' Professor Hörauf emphasises. 'The mature worms are after all responsible for such symptoms of the disease as the extreme swelling of the limbs. In the past there was no effective and reliable method of combating them.'
Researcher discovers nanostructured materials that may increase lifespan
25 March 2007 - Carnegie Mellon Universtity
A research team led by Carnegie Mellon University Materials Science and Biomedical Engineering Professor Prashant Kumta has discovered a nanocrystalline material that is cheaper, more stable and produces a higher quality energy storage capacity for use in a variety of industrial and portable consumer electronic products.
BP oil company to select ABB’s HVDC Light technology to supply electric power from Norway
25 March 2007 - ABB Automation Technologies
BP is the second major oil company to select ABB’s HVDC Light technology to supply electric power from mainland Norway to an offshore oil and gas complex in the North Sea. The solution will reduce annual operating costs by millions of dollars and cut CO2 emissions by 300,000 tons a year.
ABB demonstrates its latest development in fully coordinated, multiple-robot manufacturing systems
25 March 2007 - ABB Limited (Group Headquarters)
Shorter cycle times, improved quality and more-efficient production concepts are just some of the benefits. At the heart of the system is ABB’s revolutionary IRC5 control software, MultiMove, which allows up to four robots, including work positioners and other devices, to work in fully coordinated operation.
Scientists study alternatives to growing drugs
25 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
Experts estimate the world-wide turnover of drugs at almost $500 billion, despite all the attempts to prevent the cultivation, sale and consumption of drugs. Often it is simply the sheer battle for survival which forces farmers in the producing countries into the dirty business with cocaine or opium. Researchers from the University of Bonn are examining the alternatives to cultivating drugs and have been focusing on aid projects in Colombia and Bolivia. Their conclusions are sobering, in spite of all the positive aspects.
Bioengineered tissue implants regenerate damaged knee cartilage
25 March 2007 - University of Bristol
Knee cartilage injuries can be effectively repaired by tissue engineering and osteoarthritis does not stop the regeneration process concludes research led by scientists at the University of Bristol.
Bristol leads the way in cardiovascular research
24 March 2007 - University of Bristol
Cardiovascular disease, which includes all forms of heart disease and stroke, is the main cause of death in the UK and accounts for almost half of all deaths in the UK, no less for women than men. Although death rates are falling, the number of people living with heart disease is increasing. Leading UK expert, Professor Gianni Angelini, will be speaking about the latest research and treatment, at a free public lecture hosted by Bristol University next week.
Scientists find clear indications
24 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
The figures are dramatic: 15 million people worldwide suffer from heart failure, one to three per cent of all Germans are affected, every hundredth euro which the health insurance companies spend goes on diagnosis, therapy or prevention of chronic heart failure. Even so, the prognosis is bad: every second patient, no matter whether they are young or old, dies within the first five years after the disease has been diagnosed.
Space-saving design optimised for high speed packing operations on moving conveyors
24 March 2007 - ABB Limited (Group Headquarters)
Based on the IRB 2400, an already proven and reliable robot, the IRB 260 uses the same ABB motion control in combination with conveyor tracking and vision technology to provide the ideal packaging unit.
ABB helps give The Wall Street Journal a new look
24 March 2007 - ABB Automation Technologies
An ABB automation solution for 17 printing plants will enable the U.S. edition of The Wall Street Journal to appear in a new, slimmer format that will save publishers Dow Jones millions of dollars in annual production costs and secure print quality.
Carnegie Mellon researchers discover key deficiencies in brains of people with Autism
24 March 2007 - Carnegie Mellon Universtity
In a pair of groundbreaking studies, brain scientists at Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh have discovered that the anatomical differences that characterize the brains of people with autism are related to the way those brains process information.
Researchers to combat toxic brown mould with its non-toxic cousin
24 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
Aflatoxins are regarded as one of the most virulent natural carcinogenic substances. They are mainly produced by the mould aspergillus flavus. It grows in hot, arid regions, where it attacks maize, peanuts and pistachio nuts, inter alia. In Benin, aflatoxins can be found in 99 per cent of children.
Threadworms dependent on bacteria to survive
24 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
An antibiotic which has long been used to fight infections of the respiratory tract and intestine also seems to be able to defeat the dangerous pathogens causing elephantiasis. This is proved by a study carried out by parasitologists from the University of Bonn together with colleagues from Hamburg, Liverpool and Tanzania.
Osteoporosis drug as effective as Tamoxifen in preventing invasive breast cancer
24 March 2007 - Yale University
Initial results of the Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene, in which Yale Cancer Center participated, show that the drug raloxifene, currently used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, works as well as tamoxifen in reducing breast cancer risk for postmenopausal women at increased risk of the disease.
Leptin has powerful effect on reward center in the brain
24 March 2007 - Yale University
Leptin, a hormone critical for normal food intake and metabolism, exerts a strong effect on appetite by acting in the mid-brain region as well as in the hypothalamus, according to a Yale School of Medicine study in Neuron.
First 3-D look at diesel particles gives clues to cleaner engines
24 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
In the first use ever of a new three-dimensional technique to study diesel engine emissions, researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory developed information that could lead to improved exhaust-cleaning devices, ways for industry to meet environmental regulations, and new insights on the impact to public health from diesel engine emissions.
Inspection technologies protect and enhance materials for power plants
24 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
In modern healthcare, doctors use imaging tools, such as X-ray computed tomography, magnetic resonance and ultrasound, to see beneath the patient's skin without making a single incision. Researchers in Argonne's Energy Technology Division are adapting these and other technologies to evaluate critical components of modern energy systems that push the limits to achieve maximum efficiency.
Split beamlines can double research capacity at Advanced Photon Source
23 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
A new beamline dedicated this summer at the Advanced Photon Source sets a new standard for structural biology research at synchrotrons. The GM/CA CAT facility exploits the latest technology to double the number of beamlines and create finer X-ray beams to capture data from hard-to-study biomolecules.
Argonne to play major role in new computer facility
23 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
The U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory will play a major role in the development of a new national computational science facility aimed at deploying a supercomputer capable of sustained performance of 100 trillion floating-point operations per second.
Two proteins have unexpected effects on autoimmune diseases such as lupus
23 March 2007 - Yale University
Blocking the effect of individual immune system proteins that normally recognize viruses and bacteria produces surprisingly different effects on the severity of autoimmune diseases such as Lupus, researchers at Yale School of Medicine report in the September issue of Immunity. Drugs that target these proteins could be important therapies for autoimmunity.
Telemonitoring to reduce hospitalizations among heart failure patients
23 March 2007 - Yale University
In NIH-sponsored study to determine whether a system of monitoring symptoms and weight by telephone can reduce hospitalizations in heart failure patients, is being launched at Yale School of Medicine.
East-West divide mainly due to higher jobless levels in Eastern Germany
23 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
In Eastern Germany there are three times as many right-wing extremist crimes per inhabitant as in Western Germany. Is this the result of differing socialisation patterns, as politicians and others keep maintaining? Certainly not: the reason is primarily higher unemployment levels in former East Germany. This is the conclusion reached by researchers from the University of Bonn, the Institute for the Study of Labor and the University of Zurich.
Study shows: Farmers in tropics could benefit
23 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
Genetically modified pest-resistant cotton may provide yields up to 80 per cent higher than traditional types. This has been observed by scientists from the University of Bonn and the University of California at Berkeley in field trials in India. Their conclusion: peasants in the tropics and sub-tropics can benefit substantially from GM plants.
Carnegie Mellon study offers new clues about memory
23 March 2007 - Carnegie Mellon Universtity
Study conducted by researchers at Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh involving an amnesia-inducing drug has shed light on how we form new memories.
The world’s first mount it anywhere videographic recorder
23 March 2007 - ABB Automation Technologies
The SM500F, the world’s first field-mountable videographic data recorder, is taking the market by storm as customers all over the world recognize the benefits of on-the-spot access to critical process data in hostile environments.
ABB low voltage products has introduced three new wallcharts
23 March 2007 - ABB Limited (Group Headquarters)
Containing comprehensive information including selection tables and calculations, the charts explain how to correctly size and select circuit breakers for transformer, generator and power factor correction applications.
New technology set to revolutionise care for victims of spinal injury
23 March 2007 - University of Bristol
Spinal cord injury affects approximately 40,000 people in the UK. A diagnosis can be devastating, the sudden presence of disability can be frightening, frustrating and confusing to those affected.
Evolution of the penis worm
22 March 2007 - University of Bristol
The detailed images of embryos more than 500 million years old have been revealed by an international team of scientists, led by the University of Bristol. Writing in the journal Nature, Dr Phil Donoghue and colleagues reveal the various developmental stages of fossilised embryos, from the first splitting of cells to pre-hatching, using synchrotron-radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy.
Critical food related issues governing implementation of robotic and automated manufacturing
22 March 2007 - ABB Limited (Group Headquarters)
Food manufacturing continues to experience the seemingly opposing demands of meeting high consumer expectation at the lowest possible cost. To this end, the food industry is increasingly becoming aware of the need to use advanced food manufacturing technologies that will allow greater process flexibility and reduce both energy and waste costs.
Australian utilities select ABB switchgear
22 March 2007 - ABB Automation Technologies
Australia’s power utilities are revamping their power distribution networks and placing an estimated three out of every four orders for secondary distribution switchgear with ABB.
Robotics lessons demonstrate importance of science, math concepts
22 March 2007 - Carnegie Mellon Universtity
Educators at Carnegie Mellon University's Robotics Academy say robotics could become an even more powerful teaching tool with curriculum they developed for the new version of LEGO Education's popular MINDSTORMS robot-building set.
Survey on washing-up behaviour of Europeans
22 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
Wastefulness starts at home, in the kitchen sink. The amount of water and energy used in doing the washing-up more is often ten times that required by a resource-friendly economy dish-washer.
People who take risks more satisfied with their lives
22 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
Tall people are more prepared to take risks than small people, women are more careful than men, and the willingness to take risks markedly decreases with age: these are the findings arrived at by researchers from the Institute for the Study of Labor, the University of Bonn and the German Institute for Economic Research in Berlin. For their study they evaluated more than 20,000 interviews with people from all over Germany and additionally confirmed the findings by experiment. What is particularly striking is that people who enjoy taking risks are more content with their lives.
People who take risks more satisfied with their lives
22 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
Tall people are more prepared to take risks than small people, women are more careful than men, and the willingness to take risks markedly decreases with age: these are the findings arrived at by researchers from the Institute for the Study of Labor, the University of Bonn and the German Institute for Economic Research in Berlin.
Onset of Psychosis may be delayed by medication
22 March 2007 - Yale University
For young people who clearly seem to be developing early signs of schizophrenia, treatment with the antipsychotic drug olanzapine appears to lower or delay the rate of conversion to full-blown psychosis, according to an article by a Yale School of Medicine researcher in the May issue of The American Journal of Psychiatry.
New biomarker predicts survival in colorectal cancer
22 March 2007 - Yale University
The location and amount of a protein within two separate compartments of a tumor cell may be critical markers predicting survival in colorectal cancer, according to a study at Yale School of Medicine.
Argonne, U of Wisconsin engineers visualize electric memory as it fades
22 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
While the memory inside electronic devices may often be more reliable than ours, it too can worsen over time. Now a team of scientists from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory may understand why. The results are published in the June 6 edition of the journal Nature Materials.
Argonne researchers create new diamond-nanotube composite material
22 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory have combined the world's hardest known material, diamond, with the world's strongest structural form, carbon nanotubes. This new process for “growing” diamond and carbon nanotubes together opens the way for its use in a number of energy-related applications.
Diamond nanotube technology promises new electronics products
21 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
The newest promising material for advanced technology applications is diamond nanotubes, and research at the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory is giving new insight into the nature of nanodiamond.
Studies on electric polarization open potential for tinier devices
21 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
Researchers from the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory and Northern Illinois University have shown that very thin materials can still retain an electric polarization, opening the potential for a wide range of tiny devices.
Understanding the mystery of immune defects
21 March 2007 - Yale University
The protein Myo1f is important in regulating how quickly the immune system mobilizes to fight off infection and may help explain some infection fighting disorders, Yale School of Medicine researchers report in Science.
Some people would give life or limb not to be fat
21 March 2007 - Yale University
Nearly half of the people responding to an online survey about obesity said they would give up a year of their life rather than be fat, according to a study by the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity at Yale.
Endogenous cannabinoids retard cerebral ageing
21 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
You can´t teach an old dog new tricks! No exhaustive scientific explanation has been found for this traditional wisdom as yet. For nobody knows which molecular processes actually induce the decline in learning ability. Experimental scientists have been attempting to throw more light upon this field. Earlier experiments had already revealed that juvenile mice, once rendered genetically resistant to hashish, became 'crack' learners.
Research scientists discover gene defect responsible for epilepsy
21 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
Some 70 million people world-wide suffer from what is known as idiopathic epilepsy. The symptoms can vary considerably, ranging from brief unconsciousness and twitching of arms or legs to serious attacks of cramp. Research scientists at the Universities of Bonn, Ulm and Aachen have now been able to identify a gene that, if not properly functioning, can trigger all forms of commonly occurring idiopathic epilepsy. Their findings have just been published in the renowned science journal 'Nature Genetics'.
Researchers develop new mobile robot that balances & moves on a ball instead of legs or wheels
21 March 2007 - Carnegie Mellon Universtity
Carnegie Mellon University researchers have developed a new type of mobile robot that balances on a ball instead of legs or wheels. 'Ballbot' is a self-contained, battery-operated, omnidirectional robot that balances dynamically on a single urethane-coated metal sphere.
ABB analyzer systems keep power plants running
21 March 2007 - ABB Automation Technologies
According to the U.S. Electric Power Research Institute, half of the forced outages in power plants are caused by contaminated water corroding the boiler. ABB has the answer to this problem.
ABB and Severn Trent Water awarded for Best Environmental Initiative of the Year
21 March 2007 - ABB Limited (Group Headquarters)
ABB and Severn Trent Water have won the Electrical Industry Awards 2006 for “Best Environmental Initiative of the Year”, following an installation that reduced energy consumption by over £12,000 per annum at Severn Trent’s Wanlip Sewage Treatment Works in Leicestershire.
New trigger found for volcanic eruptions
21 March 2007 - University of Bristol
New insights into what might trigger the eruption of Mount St Helens and other potentially explosive volcanoes are reported today in Nature by scientists working at the University of Bristol, UK.
Born with a superstitious brain
20 March 2007 - University of Bristol
An unusual experiment, conducted by Bruce Hood, Professor of Developmental Psychology at the University of Bristol, demonstrating that even the most rational people behave in irrational ways, became one of the star features at this year’s British Association Festival of Science.
Robot cell adds polish to pump manufacturer’s operations
20 March 2007 - ABB Limited (Group Headquarters)
ABB, has designed and developed a robot-based application solution for pump manufacturer Alfa Laval Ltd, of Eastbourne, East Sussex, which is both labour saving and cleaner than the previous, manually-intensive production methods that were employed.
ABB UniGear, the toughest switchgear in the world
20 March 2007 - ABB Automation Technologies
UniGear is the world’s leading medium-voltage switchgear, and the only one able to withstand the component-crunching effects of earthquakes, 1,500-kilogram power hammers, and the endless grind of ship vibrations.
Carnegie Mellon research shows U.S. Cities are making children obese
20 March 2007 - Carnegie Mellon Universtity
Research by Carnegie Mellon University Associate Teaching Professor Kristen Kurland demonstrates that urban neighborhoods lack adequate space for physical activity and healthy food choices for children, contributing to the high rate of childhood obesity. Her studies recommend ways to modify cities' built environment and reduce the tremendous costs of this growing problem.
Hereditary factor apparently plays a role in the migration of nerve cells in the developing brain
20 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
About five million Germans have serious learning difficulties when it comes to reading and writing. It is frequently the case that several members of the same family are affected. So hereditary disposition seems to play an important role in the occurrence of dyslexia.
Residue extracts are effective mould inhibitors
20 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
During the production of olive oils a huge amount of peels, stones and other solid components arises. After appropriate treatment these residues seem to be suitable for inhibiting dangerous moulds. While searching for new recycling ways the undesirable bio waste scientists of the University of Bonn discovered the mould inhibiting potential of the olive residues and could prove it in the lab scale. The project is funded by the 'Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Ernährung' (state department of agriculture and nutrition).
Animals provide early warning of Bioterrorism Agents
20 March 2007 - Yale University
Pets, wildlife or livestock could act as sentinels to provide early warning for humans and could help identify many ongoing exposure risks for certain bioterrorism agents, researchers at Yale School of Medicine have found in a study published in Emerging Infectious Diseases.
Creative criting increases physician observation skills and connection to patients
20 March 2007 - Yale University
Teaching creative writing to residents in an intensive workshop at Yale School of Medicine improved physicians’ view of themselves, their peers and their patients, and also promoted an increased interest in writing and the residency program, according to a study in the Journal of General Internal Medicine.
Researchers use x rays to visualize the sloshing of electrons in water molecules
20 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
Researchers used x rays to visualize the sloshing of electrons in water molecules. They then calculated the wake of electron motion that would surround a gold ion moving through the fluid.
Stable, bright X-ray beam provides better data
20 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
What a difference a decade makes. Ten years ago the Advanced Photon Source produced its first light. Since then the APS has focused on continuous improvement to provide the best beamlines for science research. Its accelerator physicists pioneered a technique called 'top-up' to replenish the particle beam for optimal beam performance. The APS provides the most brilliant X-ray beams in the Western Hemisphere for research, and the beams are extremely stable and reliable.
Argonne, Notre Dame begin new nuclear theory initiative
19 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
Physicists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory and the University of Notre Dame have begun a new collaborative project to explore and explain the physics of rare nuclear isotopes.
Nanoparticles, super-absorbent gel clean radioactivity from porous structures
19 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
Porous structures, such as brick and concrete, are notoriously hard to clean when contaminated with certain types of radioactive materials. Now, thanks to researchers in Argonne's Chemical Engineering Division, a new technique is being developed that can effectively decontaminate these structures in the event of exposure to radioactive elements.
Genes and life stress interact in the brain
19 March 2007 - Yale University
People who carry a particular genetic variation are more likely to respond to stress by becoming depressed and by ruminating on the event, according to a study by researchers at Yale School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, and the University of Würzburg, Germany.
Cultural approach is key to tackling obesity
19 March 2007 - Yale University
Culture plays a significant role in how women perceive obesity in terms of both appearance and health, according to a study by Yale School of Nursing researchers in the Journal of Advanced Nursing.
Halves the herbicide required
19 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
The University of Bonn's agricultural scientists have developed a herbicide sprayer which identifies weeds while moving across a field and is able to pinpoint which weeds it needs to attack, thus halving the amount of herbicide required. The researchers have now found a company, Kverneland, which is partnering the project and wants to mass-produce their invention. The German Federal Foundation for the Environment and the German Research Association DFG have been funding the project.
Plateosaurs able to adjust growth to environmental conditions
19 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
Palaeontologists from the University of Bonn report on an intriguing the journal Science. A dinosaur which they have examined was apparently able to vary the speed of its growth according the conditions obtaining in its environment. Although tortoises and crocodiles also do this, plateosaurus engelhardti seems to be unique among dinosaurs, leading experts to puzzle over whether the family history of the dinosaurs will need to be rewritten.
Carnegie Mellon launches graduate program to train new breed of corporate innovation leaders
19 March 2007 - Carnegie Mellon Universtity
Carnegie Mellon University's College of Engineering has created a new graduate degree program designed to help corporations turn invention and creativity into shareholder wealth. Engineering and technical professionals can earn a one-year interdisciplinary master of science degree in Engineering and Technology Innovation Management.
Ensuring power in storm season
19 March 2007 - ABB Automation Technologies
ABB will protect the island of Barbados from hurricane blackouts with underground transmission cables. Barbados lies in a hurricane belt in the Caribbean, where underground power cables by ABB will soon provide a hurricane-safe transmission grid, more space for future road work, and reliable, maintenance-free transmission for more than 40 years.
ABB's HVL low voltage limiters provide both personnel & equipment protection for DC traction systems
19 March 2007 - ABB Limited (Group Headquarters)
ABB's new generation hybrid voltage limiter low voltage limiters, that combine an metal oxide surge arrester without gaps and a thyristor-based low voltage limiter, have been developed to ensure effective protection of personnel and equipment in DC traction systems. They fulfil all the requirements for voltage limitation while reducing touch potentials to harmless levels.
Major breakthrough for Bristol Heart Institute and Biochemistry Department
19 March 2007 - University of Bristol
A major breakthrough in research could lead to improved recovery of the heart when it is re-started after a heart attack or cardiac surgery. For the first time ever, researchers at the University of Bristol have been able to directly measure energy levels inside living heart cells, in real time, using the chemical that causes fireflies to light up.
Obesity in children linked to lack of sleep
18 March 2007 - University of Bristol
The link between short sleep duration and obesity: we should recommend more sleep to prevent obesity. Soaring levels of obesity might be linked to children sleeping fewer hours at night than they used to, claims Dr Shahrad Taheri of the University of Bristol.
ABB MagMaster reaches 500,000 and still not out
18 March 2007 - ABB Limited (Group Headquarters)
After over 15 years and thousands of installations worldwide, ABB is celebrating the production of its 500,000th MagMaster flow meter transmitter unit. This milestone was marked with a special presentation to Anglian Water at ABB’s newly opened customer demonstration facility at its Stonehouse factory.
Carnegie Mellon receives first commercialized solar absorption cooling system in United States
18 March 2007 - Carnegie Mellon Universtity
Carnegie Mellon University's Robert L. Preger Intelligent Workplace has received the first commercially available solar absorption cooling system as a donation from BROAD Air Conditioning Co.
ABB drives bring water to China’s driest regions
18 March 2007 - ABB Automation Technologies
ABB drive packages will power the heart of a key pumping station in the middle route of China’s enormous south-to-north water diversion project. Eight sets of ABB drive packages at the Huinanzhuang pump station near Beijing will pump water up a 60 meter slope at 60 cubic meters per second and bring safe, stable and sanitary supplies to the capital of Beijing and the surrounding region.
Active substance reduces bone loss in mice
18 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
Medical researchers at the University of Bonn, working in collaboration with scientists from Israel, the USA and Britain, have identified a previously unknown regulatory mechanism in the process of bone loss. Their findings could open up new approaches to the treatment of osteoporosis. More than four million people, predominantly women, are estimated to suffer from this distressing illness in Germany alone.
Hormones influence which brain areas are activated
18 March 2007 - University of Bonn (Universität Bonn)
We normally recognise what the meaning of a word is by using the left-hand temporal lobe of our brain, where Wernicke's area is located. In the right-hand lobe there is the same anatomical region, which is normally not used for speech comprehension, at least according to current mainstream scholarly thinking.
Stopping diarrhea caused by Bacteria
18 March 2007 - Yale University
Turning on a surface receptor in cells lining the intestinal wall can halt the often deadly diarrhea brought on by the bacteria V. cholera and E. coli, according to a Yale School of Medicine study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Low oxygen preserves usefulness of stem cells
18 March 2007 - Yale University
Low levels of oxygen, or hypoxia, may help preserve the unique undifferentiated nature of stem or progenitor cells, according to a report by Yale School of Medicine researchers in the Journal of Biological Chemistry.
Scientists determine structure of staph, anthrax enzyme
18 March 2007 - DOE/Argonne National Laboratory
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory and the University of Chicago have determined the crystal structure of sortase B, an enzyme found in the bacteria that cause staph and anthrax. While an antibiotic is probably five to seven years away, the structure could p