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News by Supplier: Yale University Yale University comprises three major academic components: Yale College (the undergraduate program), the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, and ten professional schools. In addition, Yale encompasses a wide array of research organizations, libraries and museums, and administrative and support offices. Approximately 11,250 students attend Yale. Ultrasound affects embryonic mouse brain development 08 April 2007 - Yale University The prolonged and frequent use of ultrasound on pregnant mice causes brain abnormalities in the developing mouse fetus, Yale School of Medicine researchers report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Anxiety before surgery complicates recovery in children 07 April 2007 - Yale University Children who are anxious before surgery experience a more painful, slow, and complicated postoperative recovery, according to a Yale School of Medicine study published this month in Pediatrics. Study suggests molecular basis for urge to smoke 06 April 2007 - Yale University When cigarette smokers first stop smoking the number of nicotine receptors in the brain is significantly higher when compared to non-smokers, which may explain why it is so tough to quit, according to a study by Yale School of Medicine researchers published this week in the Journal of Neuroscience. Bathing disability in elderly strong predictor of long-term admission to nursing homes 05 April 2007 - Yale University Researchers at Yale School of Medicine have found that persistent bathing disability among the elderly can increase the risk of long-term nursing home admission by 77 percent, but interventions aimed at prevention and remediation could reduce the need for these long-term care services. Wasabi's kick linked to single pain receptor 05 April 2007 - Yale University A single pain receptor is responsible for the kick delivered by garlic and mustard oil, which is the active ingredient in mustard and in the pungent green sushi condiment known as wasabi, according to a Yale School of Medicine study published this week in Cell. Racial achievement gap dramatically altered with affirmation exercise 04 April 2007 - Yale University For minority students, simply completing a writing assignment designed to affirm a positive identity and sense of “self integrity” near the beginning of the school year raised their school performance and reduced the racial achievement gap by 40 percent. Too much or too little Sseep increases diabetes risk 04 April 2007 - Yale University Men who sleep too much or too little are at an increased risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, according to a study by the New England Research Institutes in collaboration with Yale School of Medicine researchers. Cholesterol-lowering drugs reduce mortality during stroke 03 April 2007 - Yale University Patients given lipid lowering agents during an ischemic stroke have a considerably higher survival rate than patients who do not use the cholesterol-reducing drugs, according to recent research by Yale School of Medicine investigators. Yale technology spins out varicose vein device company 03 April 2007 - Yale University A new company, Vascular Insights, LLC, was founded to develop, manufacture and market devices to treat varicose vein disease, based on technology invented by Michael Tal, M.D., assistant professor of diagnostic radiology and director of research interventional radiology at Yale University School of Medicine. Targeted drug delivery now possible with pHLIP peptide 02 April 2007 - Yale University Scientists at Yale and the University of Rhode Island report the development of a peptide that can specifically and directly deliver molecules to the inside of cells like a nanosyringe, creating a new tool for drug delivery, gene control and imaging of diseased tissues. Potential vaccine could slow growth of cervical cancer 02 April 2007 - Yale University Researchers at Yale School of Medicine have made promising advances in finding a vaccine for women infected with human papilloma virus, which is known to cause cervical cancer. Foods and vitamins rich in antioxidants do not reduce prostate cancer risk 01 April 2007 - Yale University Men who consume foods and vitamins high in vitamin E, Beta-carotene and vitamin C do not lower their risk of prostate cancer, Yale School of Medicine researchers report recently in the Journal of National Cancer Institute. Drug may help weight-concerned smokers trying to quit 31 March 2007 - Yale University The drug naltrexone might help reduce weight gain in smokers as they try to quit, according to a study by Yale School of Medicine researchers published this week in the Archives of Internal Medicine. North Pole’s ancient past holds lessons for future global warming 31 March 2007 - Yale University Detailed information on greenhouse gasses and a subtropical heat wave at the North Pole 55 million years ago is providing information about the Earth’s past as well as a portent for its future. Evidence for ultra-energetic particles in jet from black hole 30 March 2007 - Yale University An international team of astronomers led by researchers at Yale has obtained key infrared observations that reveal the nature of quasar particle jets that originate just outside super-massive black holes at the center of galaxies and radiate across the spectrum from radio to X-ray wavelengths; a complementary study of jet X-ray emission led by astronomers at the University of Southampton, reaches the same conclusion. Minimal cocktail for growing human embryonic stem cells established 30 March 2007 - Yale University Researchers at Yale have established the minimal nutritional requirements for growing and maintaining human embryonic stem cells, a recipe that is critical for clinical application and for developmental studies, according to an early online report this week in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Brain compensates for aging by becoming less Specialized 29 March 2007 - Yale University One of two separate areas of the brain light up when younger people look at a house or a face, but each image activates both areas of the brain at the same time in older persons, according to a study published by Yale University and the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, this month in NeuroReport. Power plants are major influence in regional mercury emissions 29 March 2007 - Yale University The amount of mercury emitted into the atmosphere in the Northeast fluctuates annually depending on activity in the electric power industry, according to researchers at the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies. Making a Face: A new and earlier marker of neural crest development 28 March 2007 - Yale University The fate of cells that go on to form the face, skull and nerve centers of the head and neck in vertebrates is determined much earlier in development than previously thought, and is independent of interaction with other forming tissues, according to a recent study published in the journal Nature. Conscious and unconscious memory linked in storing new information 28 March 2007 - Yale University The way the brain stores new, conscious information such as a first kiss or a childhood home is strongly linked to the way the human brain stores unconscious information, researchers at Yale report this month in an article featured on the cover of Neuron. Large family study pinpoints genetic linkage in drug addiction 27 March 2007 - Yale University Based on data obtained from one of the largest family sets of its kind, Yale School of Medicine researchers have identified a genetic linkage for dependence on drugs such as heroin, morphine and oxycontin. Adult male circumcision could reduce the HIV epidemic in Africa 27 March 2007 - Yale University Even modest programs advocating adult male circumcision can substantially prevent HIV infections and should be implemented immediately, researchers at Yale School of Medicine reported recently at the 16th International AIDS Conference in Toronto. Controlling behavior of children with tourette and tic disorders 26 March 2007 - Yale University A program to train parents how to manage the disruptive behavior of children with Tourette syndrome and tic disorders works well, according to a pilot study conducted by Yale School of Nursing and the Yale Child Study Center. Brain communicates in analog and digital modes simultaneously 26 March 2007 - Yale University Contrary to popular belief, brain cells use a mix of analog and digital coding at the same time to communicate efficiently, according to a study by Yale School of Medicine researchers published this week in Nature. Yale researchers find environmental toxins disruptive to hearing in mammals 25 March 2007 - Yale University Yale School of Medicine researchers have new data showing chloride ions are critical to hearing in mammals, which builds on previous research showing a chemical used to keep barnacles off boats might disrupt the balance of these ions in ear cells. Bacterial protein shows promise for treating intestinal parasites 25 March 2007 - Yale University Scientists at the University of California, San Diego and Yale University have discovered that a natural protein produced by Bacillus thuringiensis, the bacterium sprayed on crops by organic farmers to reduce insect damage, is highly effective at treating hookworm infections in laboratory animals. Leptin has powerful effect on reward center in the brain 24 March 2007 - Yale University Leptin, a hormone critical for normal food intake and metabolism, exerts a strong effect on appetite by acting in the mid-brain region as well as in the hypothalamus, according to a Yale School of Medicine study in Neuron. Osteoporosis drug as effective as Tamoxifen in preventing invasive breast cancer 24 March 2007 - Yale University Initial results of the Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene, in which Yale Cancer Center participated, show that the drug raloxifene, currently used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, works as well as tamoxifen in reducing breast cancer risk for postmenopausal women at increased risk of the disease. Telemonitoring to reduce hospitalizations among heart failure patients 23 March 2007 - Yale University In NIH-sponsored study to determine whether a system of monitoring symptoms and weight by telephone can reduce hospitalizations in heart failure patients, is being launched at Yale School of Medicine. Two proteins have unexpected effects on autoimmune diseases such as lupus 23 March 2007 - Yale University Blocking the effect of individual immune system proteins that normally recognize viruses and bacteria produces surprisingly different effects on the severity of autoimmune diseases such as Lupus, researchers at Yale School of Medicine report in the September issue of Immunity. Drugs that target these proteins could be important therapies for autoimmunity. New biomarker predicts survival in colorectal cancer 22 March 2007 - Yale University The location and amount of a protein within two separate compartments of a tumor cell may be critical markers predicting survival in colorectal cancer, according to a study at Yale School of Medicine. Onset of Psychosis may be delayed by medication 22 March 2007 - Yale University For young people who clearly seem to be developing early signs of schizophrenia, treatment with the antipsychotic drug olanzapine appears to lower or delay the rate of conversion to full-blown psychosis, according to an article by a Yale School of Medicine researcher in the May issue of The American Journal of Psychiatry. Some people would give life or limb not to be fat 21 March 2007 - Yale University Nearly half of the people responding to an online survey about obesity said they would give up a year of their life rather than be fat, according to a study by the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity at Yale. Understanding the mystery of immune defects 21 March 2007 - Yale University The protein Myo1f is important in regulating how quickly the immune system mobilizes to fight off infection and may help explain some infection fighting disorders, Yale School of Medicine researchers report in Science. Creative criting increases physician observation skills and connection to patients 20 March 2007 - Yale University Teaching creative writing to residents in an intensive workshop at Yale School of Medicine improved physicians’ view of themselves, their peers and their patients, and also promoted an increased interest in writing and the residency program, according to a study in the Journal of General Internal Medicine. Animals provide early warning of Bioterrorism Agents 20 March 2007 - Yale University Pets, wildlife or livestock could act as sentinels to provide early warning for humans and could help identify many ongoing exposure risks for certain bioterrorism agents, researchers at Yale School of Medicine have found in a study published in Emerging Infectious Diseases. Cultural approach is key to tackling obesity 19 March 2007 - Yale University Culture plays a significant role in how women perceive obesity in terms of both appearance and health, according to a study by Yale School of Nursing researchers in the Journal of Advanced Nursing. Genes and life stress interact in the brain 19 March 2007 - Yale University People who carry a particular genetic variation are more likely to respond to stress by becoming depressed and by ruminating on the event, according to a study by researchers at Yale School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, and the University of Würzburg, Germany. Low oxygen preserves usefulness of stem cells 18 March 2007 - Yale University Low levels of oxygen, or hypoxia, may help preserve the unique undifferentiated nature of stem or progenitor cells, according to a report by Yale School of Medicine researchers in the Journal of Biological Chemistry. Stopping diarrhea caused by Bacteria 18 March 2007 - Yale University Turning on a surface receptor in cells lining the intestinal wall can halt the often deadly diarrhea brought on by the bacteria V. cholera and E. coli, according to a Yale School of Medicine study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Molecular basis for pain and inflammation in Erythromelalgia 17 March 2007 - Yale University A single mutation in an ion channel gene can produce opposing effects on signaling within the nervous system depending on the nerve cells in which it operates, shedding light on the molecular basis for erythromelalgia, a debilitating neuropathic pain syndrome, Yale School of Medicine researchers report this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Hormone linked to brain’s cravings for food and other energy sources 17 March 2007 - Yale University Ghrelin, a hormone produced in the stomach, induces food intake and operates through a brain region that controls cravings for food and other energy sources, researchers at Yale School of Medicine report in the online issue of The Journal of Clinical Investigation. First crystal structure of enzyme that works inside membranes 16 March 2007 - Yale University The structure of an enzyme that has many regulatory functions and breaks peptide bonds of proteins where they pass through membranes within the cell has been described for the first time by Yale School of Medicine researchers in Nature. New clues to drug resistance in Ovarian Cancer 16 March 2007 - Yale University Researchers at Yale School of Medicine report that a specific defense mechanism used by the immune system is imitated by cancer cells in order to fight off the effects of cancer drugs like paclitaxel. Study finds less invasive surgery just as effective in infants with often fatal intestinal disorder 15 March 2007 - Yale University Two surgical procedures, one invasive and the other much less so, for premature infants with intestinal perforation due to necrotizing enterocolitis produce virtually identical results, according to a Yale School of Medicine study published in the New England Journal of Medicine. Yale researchers find stigmatizing overweight people can discourage dieting 15 March 2007 - Yale University A Yale University study of overweight people tested the claim that weight bias motivates people to lose weight and found the opposite can be the case, individuals cope with weight stigmatization through a variety of strategies, including eating more food and giving up on dieting. Yale Journal identifies products that cause greatest environmental damage 14 March 2007 - Yale University Cutting-edge research identifying the types of products that cause the greatest environmental damage is the focus of a special issue of Yale’s Journal of Industrial Ecology. First in the Nation Radiation Plan 14 March 2007 - Yale University Yale School of Medicine has helped develop the first “how to” manual in the nation instructing clinicians and health administrators statewide on efficient management of radiation victims, according to an article published this month on development of the manual. Green tea and the Asian Paradox 13 March 2007 - Yale University There is a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease and cancer in Asia where people smoke heavily, which may be accounted for by high consumption of tea, particularly green tea, according to a review article published by a Yale School of Medicine researcher. HIV/AIDS linked to extensively drug resistant TB 13 March 2007 - Yale University A highly drug-resistant form of tuberculosis has been linked to HIV/AIDS in a study conducted in rural South Africa by researchers at Yale School of Medicine. Published in The Lancet, the study is the result of a five-year collaboration between a Yale and South African team of researchers who aim to integrate HIV and TB care and treatment. Key to acute lung injury lies in Ang2 protein 12 March 2007 - Yale University Acute lung injury caused by cell death, high and potentially toxic concentrations of oxygen (hyperoxia), and the resulting excess fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema), may be controlled by modulating levels of the angiopoietin2 protein, researchers at Yale School of Medicine report in the online issue of Nature Medicine. Poor survival in patients with heart failure and kidney disease 12 March 2007 - Yale University Over 50 percent of patients with heart failure also have kidney disease and this unstable combination results in poor survival, Yale School of Medicine researchers report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Drugs for HIV/AIDS saves three million years of life 11 March 2007 - Yale University The survival time due to drug treatments of AIDS/HIV is adding 2.8 million years of life to individuals in the United States, according to a study published Thursday in the Journal of Infectious Diseases. Aortic aneurysms are often familial diseases 11 March 2007 - Yale University A detailed study of 520 patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection indicates a very strong genetic link, Yale School of Medicine researchers report in the Annals of Thoracic Surgery. Higher death rate for heart attack patients with additional non-cardiac Conditions 10 March 2007 - Yale University Heart attack patients who also have another acute condition such as stroke, kidney failure and pneumonia may have a poorer outcome than those without these conditions, and those with the most severe conditions account for a disproportionate percentage of hospital deaths, researchers at Yale School of Medicine report in a recent American Journal of Medicine. New guidelines for preserving fertility in cancer patients 10 March 2007 - Yale University Yale Ob/Gyn professor Pasquale Patrizio together with a national and international group of colleagues have developed general guidelines targeted to oncologists on how to introduce the concept of fertility preservation in both male and female cancer patients. The mystery behind love-hate relationships 09 March 2007 - Yale University People who see their relationships as either all good or all bad tend to have low self-esteem, according to a series of seven studies by Yale researchers published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Seat of emotions in brain may also contribute to higher cognition 09 March 2007 - Yale University The amygdala is a central processing station in the brain for emotions, but Yale researchers report that the amygdala also plays a role in working memory, a higher cognitive function critical for reasoning and problem solving. Specific strategic plans ensure timely emergency care for heart attack patients 08 March 2007 - Yale University Hospitals that provide the most rapid emergency angioplasty have specific strategies to expedite the care of patients with heart attacks, researchers at Yale School of Medicine report in the New England Journal of Medicine. First national study of risk factors and effects of Meningioma 08 March 2007 - Yale University Yale School of Medicine is leading a $9.5 million study funded by the National Institutes of Health into the causes and effects of meningioma, a relatively common type of brain tumor that is usually benign and most often occurs in middle-aged or elderly women. Yale ovarian cancer detection technology licensed in China by SurExam 07 March 2007 - Yale University Yale University Office of Cooperative Research today announced that it has granted an exclusive license agreement with the Chinese company SurExam Life Science & Technology (Shenzhen) Co. for the commercialization of the university's blood testing technology for epithelial ovarian cancer. Increased prevalence of insulin resistance and fatty liver disease in Asian Indian men 07 March 2007 - Yale University Asian Indian men are at increased risk to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus because of chronic liver disease rather than obesity, Yale School of Medicine researchers report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Decreased genital sensation in competitive women cyclists 06 March 2007 - Yale University Women who participated in prolonged, frequent bicycling had decreased genital sensation and were more likely to have a history of genital pain than women runners, researchers in the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences at Yale School of Medicine and The Albert Einstein College of Medicine report in the current issue of the Journal of Sexual Medicine. Study shows mental health coverage would not Break the Bank 06 March 2007 - Yale University Providing an equivalent level of insurance coverage for mental health and general medical care would not significantly increase total spending on health care, according to a study by Yale School of Medicine researchers. Being fired near retirement doubles risk of heart attack and stroke 05 March 2007 - Yale University Involuntary job loss near retirement more than doubles the risk of heart attack and stroke, researchers at Yale School of Medicine report in a major national study published in Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Treatment preferences for end-of-life care changes with time and declining health 05 March 2007 - Yale University Over time, older people change their preferences for end-of-life care and are more willing to accept treatment resulting in physical disability than treatment resulting in cognitive disability, researchers at Yale School of Medicine report in the current Archives of Internal Medicine. Key to early diagnosis of autism may be in the placenta 04 March 2007 - Yale University Researchers at Yale School of Medicine have discovered in the placenta what may be the earliest marker for autism, possibly helping physicians diagnose the condition at birth, rather than the standard age of two or older. Understanding the machinery of smell 03 March 2007 - Yale University A protein once thought to be a principal player in linking nerve responses in the nose to those in the brain actually has a more specialized role, according to a Yale School of Medicine study published in Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience. Finding has implications for treating herpes 03 March 2007 - Yale University Yale School of Medicine researchers have determined how the body’s immune system springs into action when invaded by the herpes simplex virus, which can lead to fatal sporadic encephalitis in infants and children. Genetics a key factor in premature infants’ devastating eye Disease 02 March 2007 - Yale University Genetics play a major role in predisposing infants to retinopathy of prematurity, a disease prevalent in premature infants that disrupts normal blood vessel development of the retina and can lead to blindness, researchers at Yale School of Medicine report in the November issue of Pediatrics. Researchers identify very first neurons in the thinking brain 02 March 2007 - Yale University Researchers at Yale School of Medicine and the University of Oxford have identified the very first neurons in what develops into the cerebral cortex, the part of the brain that makes humans human. Yale researchers find new molecular target for obesity 01 March 2007 - Yale University Mice bred without the enzyme MKP-1 are resistant to weight gain despite consuming high fat foods and eating more than control mice, according to a research study published online in Cell Metabolism. Gene linked to aggressive Wet age-related macular degeneration 01 March 2007 - Yale University A gene variant that increases the risk of developing the aggressive “wet” form of age-related macular degeneration, the most common cause of blindness in people over age 50, is reported in two recent articles in Science by researchers at Yale School of Medicine. Exercise programs enhance physical function in the elderly 28 February 2007 - Yale University With a structured exercise program, inactive older people at high risk for becoming disabled can improve their physical functioning and reduce their likelihood of having difficulty walking, according to results from a pilot study by researchers at Yale School of Medicine and other institutions. Frequency of counseling does not improve outcomes for patients addicted to opioids 28 February 2007 - Yale University Increased counseling and more frequent dispensing of medication does not improve abstinence in drug abuse treatment, according to a Yale School of Medicine study published the New England Journal of Medicine. Genetic susceptibility may be risk factor in preemie problems 27 February 2007 - Yale University Genetics may be a risk factor in premature infants who develop problems in their lungs as a result of not reaching normal gestational age, according to a study at Yale School of Medicine. Study shows value of HIV screening in virtually all health settings 27 February 2007 - Yale University Voluntary screening for HIV should be a routine part of the medical care of all adults, not just those at high risk, according to a study by researchers at the Yale School of Medicine. Global warming of the future is projected by ancient carbon emissions Mark Pagani 26 February 2007 - Yale University Global warming 55 million years ago suggests a high climate sensitivity to carbon dioxide, according to research led by Mark Pagani, associate professor of geology and geophysics at Yale. Chemical warfare ravages mental health of Iranian Civilians 26 February 2007 - Yale University Iranian civilians exposed to high-intensity warfare and chemical weapons are experiencing significantly higher levels of psychological distress compared to those exposed to low-intensity warfare but not chemical weapons, researchers at Yale School of Medicine report in the Journal of the American Medical Association devoted to the theme of violence and human rights. Elderly patients have a high risk of stroke within six months of a heart attack 14 April 2006 - Yale University Twenty percent of older patients who have suffered a heart attack have a one in 25 chance of being hospitalized for a stroke within six months of discharge from the hospital, according to research at Yale. More patients would refuse treatment if they knew the outcome would mean greatly impaired quality of life 13 April 2006 - Yale University More patients would refuse life-sustaining treatment if they knew the outcome would be a life of severe functional or cognitive impairment, according to a study by a Yale researcher published Thursday in the New England Journal of Medicine. Higher dosage of cocaine vaccine is being tested by researchers at Yale 12 April 2006 - Yale University Yale researchers are enrolling five cocaine addicts in a clinical trial in New Haven as part of an ongoing investigative effort to determine the safety and efficacy of the cocaine vaccine, TA-CD. Anti-fungal agent that curbed cocaine use in rodents has opposite effect in humans 11 April 2006 - Yale University Ketoconazole, an anti-fungal agent that helps curb cocaine use in laboratory rats, stimulates rather than reduces cocaine and heroin use in humans, according to a study by researchers at Yale School of Medicine. Welfare reform shows few gains for young children 10 April 2006 - Yale University The slight economic gains felt by millions of single mothers, who have moved off welfare and into low-wage jobs, have not discernibly improved the living conditions of families or the daily lives of young children, according to a report to be released in Washington today. Restorative rather than usual home care for elderly patients enhances their function and well being 09 April 2006 - Yale University Restorative home care for elderly patients rather than traditional home care enhances the patients' ability to remain at home, according to a study by a Yale researcher published Wednesday, April 24, in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Yale researchers report on brain activity believed related to sudden infant death syndrome 08 April 2006 - Yale University Neurons thought to play a key role in sudden infant death syndrome are located near some of the largest arteries in the brain, according to a study by a Yale School of Medicine research team published in this week's issue of the journal Nature Neuroscience. Sensory deprivation reduces new cell size in the olfactory system 06 April 2006 - Yale University Sensory deprivation causes changes in new cell size and excitability in the olfactory system, which governs the ability to smell, according to a study in Neuron by a Yale School of Medicine researcher. New focus for the mechanism of nerve growth 17 March 2006 - Yale University As nerve cells develop or attempt to recover after damage, they extend growth cones, highly flexible extensions that act as environmental sensors. Growth cones use the information they gather to direct advance of the nerve cells and it has long been known that such advance depends on the coordinated assembly of actin filament networks. New focus for the mechanism of nerve growth 17 March 2006 - Yale University Researchers at Yale shed new light on the mechanism of nerve cell growth by identifying novel functions for a molecular “motor” protein, myosin-II, according to an article in the March issue of Nature Cell Biology. Going the extra mile for specialized heart attack care 13 March 2006 - Yale University Diverting ambulances with patients suffering a heart to a hospital providing emergency angioplasty rather than a closer hospital with no ability to provide this specialized care, may be feasible for the majority of Americans, researchers at Yale School of Medicine and the University of Michigan report in Circulation. Researchers identify gene that protects against kidney stones 13 March 2006 - Yale University New Haven, Conn, Yale School of Medicine researchers report in Nature Genetics this week that they have identified a gene whose function protects the body against kidney stones. Whiplash injury much more severe when head is turned 13 March 2006 - Yale University Persons whose heads are turned at the time of a rear impact collision risk a much more serious whiplash injury with potentially chronic symptoms, and a current Yale School of Medicine study explains why. Going the extra mile for specialized heart attack care 13 March 2006 - Yale University Diverting ambulances with patients suffering a heart to a hospital providing emergency angioplasty rather than a closer hospital with no ability to provide this specialized care, may be feasible for the majority of Americans, researchers at Yale School of Medicine and the University of Michigan report in Circulation. Researchers identify gene that protects against kidney stones 13 March 2006 - Yale University New Haven, Conn, Yale School of Medicine researchers report in Nature Genetics this week that they have identified a gene whose function protects the body against kidney stones. The research identifies a transporter, encoded by the gene, as a potential target for drugs to boost oxalate secretion in the gut and help prevent kidney stones, said Peter Aronson, M.D., professor of internal medicine and physiology and senior author of the study. Whiplash injury much more severe when head is turned 13 March 2006 - Yale University 'We believe this is the first study to identify, quantify and determine the mode of cervical spine injury sustained during a rear impact collision when a person in the vehicle has their head turned,' said Manohar Panjabi, a professor in the Departments of Orthopedics and Mechanical Engineering and first author of the study in Spine. 'This data may assist clinicians in developing improved diagnostic and treatment protocols.' Yale expands research using magnetic stimulation for Schizophrenia 09 March 2006 - Yale University 'These hallucinations, which consist of spoken speech that are labeled 'voices' by patients themselves, are often very disabling and resistant to currently available medication therapies,' said Ralph Hoffman, M.D., a professor in the Department of Psychiatry and principal investigator of the study. Human-chimp differences due to gene regulation 09 March 2006 - Yale University The vast differences between humans and chimpanzees are due more to changes in gene regulation than differences in individual genes themselves, researchers from Yale, the University of Chicago, and the Hall Institute in Parkville, Victoria, Australia argue in the March 9 issue of the journal Nature. Bone marrow cells can become functional gut lining cells 02 March 2006 - Yale University The study showed that bone marrow derived cells can differentiate into functional gastrointestinal epithelial cells after bone marrow transplantation. Research was from the laboratory of Diane Krause, M.D., professor of Laboratory Medicine and senior author of the study, in collaboration with Marie Egan, M.D., associate professor of pediatrics, respiratory medicine, and cellular and molecular physiology. Elders' stereotypes predict hearing decline 01 March 2006 - Yale University Older people who have negative stereotypes about the elderly have a greater chance of hearing decline, researchers at Yale School of Medicine report in the March issue of Journals of Gerontology. 'This is the first study to demonstrate that older individuals' age stereotypes can predict their sensory perception,' said first author Becca R. Levy, associate professor in the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health and Department of Psychology at Yale. Secrets of success in the rapid treatment of heart attacks 01 March 2006 - Yale University Some of the key elements for success in the rapid treatment of heart attacks have been identified by researchers at Yale School of Medicine in a recent issue of Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association. Eleven hospitals consistently delivered therapy to restore blood flow to heart attack patients in 90 minutes or less. The researchers studied how staff at these hospitals, including Yale-New Haven Hospital, regularly delivered such speedy treatment, which can save lives. Frailty in elderly may be prevented or reversed if addressed early 28 February 2006 - Yale University Published in Archives of Internal Medicine, the study included 754 participants age 70 or older, who were not disabled in their basic activities of daily living, such as bathing and dressing. Their frailty, assessed every 18 months for 54 months, was defined on the basis of weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity, muscle weakness and slow walking speed. Participants were classified as 'frail' if they met three or more of these criteria, as 'pre-frail' if they met one or two and as 'non-frail' if they met none of the criteria. Bioengineers create stable networks of blood vessels 28 February 2006 - Yale University For body tissue to survive it must receive oxygen delivered through the finest of blood vessels. Led by Erin Lavik, assistant professor of Biomedical Engineering, this study shows that the fine network of blood vessels can be formed. Further, detailed microscopic studies showed that the vascular networks were stable as implants for up to six weeks and were able to connect with larger blood vessel structures. Yale Center for Parliamentary History presents records to British Government 27 February 2006 - Yale University On March 7, at a formal ceremony in London, the Yale Center for Parliamentary History will present to the Speaker of the House of Commons and the Lord Chancellor on behalf of the government of the United Kingdom the definitive scholarly editions it has prepared of records of the 17th-century parliaments preceding the English civil wars and revolution. Yale early stage ovarian cancer detection technology licensed by LabCorp 23 February 2006 - Yale University Yale University Office of Cooperative Research today announced that it has granted an exclusive license agreement with Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings for the commercialization of the university's blood testing technology for epithelial ovarian cancer. Yale Cancer Center participates in Connecticut Cancer Partnership 22 February 2006 - Yale University Today Connecticut Governor M. Jodi Rell presented the state cancer control plan developed by the Connecticut Cancer Partnership, a consortium of Connecticut's top cancer professionals working to implement a comprehensive plan for cancer control in the state. Proteins are key to cell death in heart disease, stroke and degenerative conditions 22 February 2006 - Yale University Researchers at Yale School of Medicine have gained deeper understanding of two members of a family of proteins called caspases that play a key role in promoting apoptosis, a process in which the cell responds to external signals by essentially committing suicide. Learning and memory stimulated by gut hormone 19 February 2006 - Yale University Researchers at Yale School of Medicine have found evidence that a hormone produced in the stomach directly stimulates the higher brain functions of spatial learning and memory development, and further suggests that we may learn best on an empty stomach. Study finds no safe level for ozone 16 February 2006 - Yale University The study, sponsored by the Environmental Protection Agency and the Centers for Disease Control, found that if a safe level for ozone exists, it is only at very low or natural levels and far below current U.S. and international regulations. A 10 part-per-billion increase in the average of the two previous days' ozone levels is associated with a 0.30 percent increase in mortality. Yale acts to divest in response to Darfur Genocide 15 February 2006 - Yale University President Richard C. Levin announced today that Yale University will bar investments of its endowment assets in obligations of the Sudanese government as well as in seven oil companies currently operating in Sudan as a response to the genocide being committed with support from the government of Sudan in the Darfur region. Deleting gene in brain cells mimics effects of antidepressants 15 February 2006 - Yale University 'The results have implications for a number of psychiatric conditions, including depression and post-traumatic stress disorder where stressful events can have significant and long-lasting consequences on social behavior and interactions,' said Ralph DiLeone, assistant professor in the Department of Psychiatry at Yale and a co-author of the report that appeared in the recent issue of the journal Science. Immune system's Suicide Machinery kills legionnaire's bacteria 10 February 2006 - Yale University A new study indicates how the immune system fights bacteria that cause the severe form of pneumonia known as Legionnaire's disease, Yale School of Medicine researchers report in the March issue of Nature Immunology. New MRI technology at Yale 03 February 2006 - Yale University 'Our approach identifies distinct brain networks of linked structural and functional changes,' said Vincent Calhoun, M.D., associate professor adjunct in the Department of Psychiatry and director of the Medical Image Analysis Lab at the Institute of Living's Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center in Hartford. 'The linking of structural and functional changes is new. This is different from finding both structural and functional changes in patients which may not be related to one another.' Novel diagnosis of preeclampsia with proteomic analysis 03 February 2006 - Yale University Researchers at Yale School of Medicine have found that analyzing proteins in urine is a simple and objective method to diagnose and classify preeclampsia, a complication of pregnancy causing high blood pressure after 20 weeks of gestation. Women pregnant with girls experience more severe asthma symptoms 02 February 2006 - Yale University Women with asthma who are carrying a female fetus are more likely to experience worse asthma symptoms than asthmatic women carrying a male fetus, researchers at Yale School of Medicine report in the February issue of American Journal of Epidemiology. Receptor critical in neurodegeneration reduces alzheimer's 02 February 2006 - Yale University Increasing the level of a protein that plays a key role in traumatic spinal cord injuries and multiple sclerosis reduces the concentration of disease-causing plaque in Alzheimer's disease, Yale School of Medicine researchers report in the Journal of Neuroscience. Yale researchers map protein binding that is critical to life 02 February 2006 - Yale University A Yale School of Medicine laboratory has succeeded in mapping and describing an interaction important for cell adhesion, a process critical to life, and, when it goes awry, can lead to diseases such as cancer. Sediment layer may forecast greatest earthquakes 31 January 2006 - Yale University Researchers at Yale and the University of Washington report that great earthquakes, like the 2004 Sumatra earthquake, may be caused by the build up of sediment on top of subduction zones, suggesting a new way to forecast these most severe earthquakes. Preterm birth risk quickly and accurately detected with proteomic profiling 31 January 2006 - Yale University By profiling specific proteins in amniotic fluid for inflammation, researchers at Yale School of Medicine can quickly and accurately detect potentially dangerous infections in pregnant women, and also predict the possibility of premature birth. Yale findings hold promise for stopping progression of bipolar disorder 30 January 2006 - Yale University Changes in the brain that are important indicators of bipolar disorder are not prominent until young adulthood and are reduced in persons taking mood-stabilizing medications, Yale School of Medicine researchers report this month in Biological Psychiatry. Cardiovascular and immunology research alliance announced by Yale and Boehringer Ingelheim 26 January 2006 - Yale University Yale University School of Medicine and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. finalized a Research Alliance Agreement to support translational cardiovascular and immunology research. Yale group to study atmospheric Tsunamis 26 January 2006 - Yale University Yale researchers have recently received funding from the National Science Foundation to observe, describe and explain severe atmospheric turbulence over mountains, and the effect of 'gravity waves' on the stratosphere. Using mobile phones reduces error rate in hospital care 26 January 2006 - Yale University Using mobile telephones in hospitals reduces the error rate in medical care because of more timely communication and rarely causes electronic magnetic interference, Yale School of Medicine researchers report this month. Procedure allows women to freeze eggs to preserve future fertility 25 January 2006 - Yale University Researchers at the Yale Fertility Center are now offering a cutting edge reproductive procedure called oocyte cryopreservation that allows women to freeze their eggs and use them at a later time to conceive a child. Not enough metals in earth to meet global demand 24 January 2006 - Yale University Researchers studying supplies of copper, zinc and other metals have determined that these finite resources, even if recycled, may not meet the needs of the global population forever, according to a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Complications in plastic surgery are unrelated to duration of anesthesia 23 January 2006 - Yale University The length of time patients spend under anesthesia during facial plastic surgery procedures does not appear to be linked to their risk of complications or death, Yale School of Medicine researchers report this month in Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery. Activation of a protein solidifies fear memory in the brain 18 January 2006 - Yale University When activated, a specific protein in the brain enhances long-term storage of fearful memories and strengthens previously established fearful memories, Yale School of Medicine researchers report this week in Nature Neuroscience. Immune system response to viral DNA is unique 18 January 2006 - Yale University The human body has a unique immune system response to foreign DNA, suggesting that DNA viruses and RNA viruses are detected by different mechanisms, Yale School of Medicine researchers report this week in Immunity. Stress in infancy puts females at higher risk for addictions 11 January 2006 - Yale University Female rats appear to be affected more than males by stress early in life, leading to a higher likelihood of cocaine addiction and eating disorders as adults, according to a study by Yale School of Medicine researchers in Neuropsychopharmacology. Yale study explains complex infection fighting mechanism 10 January 2006 - Yale University Yale School of Medicine researchers report in Nature Immunology how infection fighting mechanisms in the body can distinguish between a virus and the healthy body, shedding new light on auto immune disorders. Screening for prostate cancer may not reduce men's risk of death 09 January 2006 - Yale University A screening test for prostate cancer that measures prostate-specific antigen levels does not improve survival, researchers at the Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System and Yale School of Medicine report in the January 9 Archives of Internal Medicine. Link between esophageal cancer and soft drinks debunked by researchers at Yale 06 January 2006 - Yale University Carbonated soft drink consumption was previously suggested to be linked to the 350 percent increase of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus since the mid-1970s, but researchers at Yale School of Medicine report that the link is unfounded and that there may, in fact, be a decreased risk of this cancer for diet soda drinkers. Parents in the operating room 05 January 2006 - Yale University Knowing whether the presence of a parent diminishes or increases a child's anxiety prior to surgery may soon be answered with a new psychometric instrument developed at Yale School of Medicine and the University of Georgia. Losing weight by controlling flavor variety 05 January 2006 - Yale University A major cause of overeating is eating too many flavors all at once, triggering the hypothalamus in the brain to ask for more food, according to David Katz, M.D., Associate Professor Adjunct in Public Health Practice at the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health at Yale. MicroRNA gene that regulates lifespan found by Yale Scientists 22 December 2005 - Yale University Genes that control the timing of organ formation during development also control timing of aging and death, and provide evidence of a biological timing mechanism for aging, Yale researchers report in the journal Science. Patient outcomes linked to biomarker levels with quantitative technology 20 December 2005 - Yale University Researchers in the Department of Pathology at Yale University School of Medicine report that when using current pathology methods of biomarker detection, the concentration of antibodies used dramatically alters the apparent relationship of biomarker level to clinical outcome. The paper appears in the December issue of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Switching to new anti-bacterial targets 16 December 2005 - Yale University The recently emerged field of bacterial riboswitches may be a good hunting ground for effective targets against bacterial infection, according to a report by Yale researchers in the journal Chemistry and Biology. Genetic clues to sodalis deepens knowledge of bacterial diseases 15 December 2005 - Yale University By sequencing the genome of the symbiotic bacterium Sodalis, which lives off the major disease-transmitting insect, the tsetse fly, researchers at Yale School of Medicine have come a step closer to understanding how microbial pathogens cause disease. Langerhans cells regulate immune reactions in the skin 15 December 2005 - Yale University The langerhans cells are marked in red and another cell type are in green. Wild-type mice are on the bottom and have both the red and green cells. Then transgenic mice are on the top and still have the green cells but the red cells are missing. Beta blockers not effective in preventing gastroesophageal complications from cirrhosis 13 December 2005 - Yale University Beta blockers are not effective in preventing development of varices, veins in the esophagus that can rupture and bleed, as a consequence of cirrhosis, according to a recent study by Yale School of Medicine researchers in the New England Journal of Medicine. Chronic disability in older Americans greatly overestimated 12 December 2005 - Yale University The rates of chronic disability in older Americans has been substantially overestimated by about forty percent, researchers at Yale School of Medicine report in the December 12 Archives of Internal Medicine. Racial minority participation in clinical trials increase with information and access 06 December 2005 - Yale University Racial minorities participate in health research studies at the same rate as whites when they meet the study criteria and when they are informed about the opportunity to enroll in the study, according to an article by researchers at the National Institutes of Health and Yale School of Medicine. New imaging technology spotlighted by American Chemical Society 06 December 2005 - Yale University T-ray sensing and imaging technology, which can spot cracks in space shuttle foam, see biological agents through a sealed envelope and detect tumors without harmful radiation, was the focus of a recent symposium at the national meeting of the American Chemical Society. UNICEF report shows disabled children at serious risk 06 December 2005 - Yale University Yale public health researcher Nora Groce chaired the Thematic Group on Violence against Disabled Children convened by UNICEF at the United Nations, which has made recommendations for ending violence against disabled children in the forthcoming UN Secretary General's Report on Violence against Children. Relationship between incarceration and race disparities in U.S. HIV 06 December 2005 - Yale University There may be a relationship between incarceration and race disparities in American HIV rates, Yale researchers report in the Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved. Galaxy collisions dominate the local universe 06 December 2005 - Yale University More than half of the largest galaxies in the nearby universe have collided and merged with another galaxy in the past two billion years, according to a Yale astronomer in a study using hundreds of images from two of the deepest sky surveys ever conducted. Yale Scientists decipher Wiring Pattern of cell signaling networks 01 December 2005 - Yale University A team of scientists at Yale University has completed the first comprehensive map of the proteins and kinase signaling network that controls how cells of higher organisms operate, according to a report this week in the journal Nature. New evidence supports century-old theory of cancer spread 30 November 2005 - Yale University A Yale School of Medicine study in the December issue of The Lancet Oncology challenges mainstream oncology researchers to consider tumor cell hybridization with white blood cells as a major reason that cancer metastasizes or spreads to other parts of the body. Yale School of Medicine focuses top scientists on neurodegenerative diseases 29 November 2005 - Yale University Yale School of Medicine, accelerating the pace of research on neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and multiple sclerosis, today announced the launch of an interdepartmental program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair. Short-term survival rates better for U.S. vs. Canadian heart failure patients 29 November 2005 - Yale University Investigators at Yale School of Medicine and the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ontario, Canada, report that elderly heart failure patients hospitalized in the United States have better short-term survival than those in Canada, but lose that advantage over time. Major ovarian cancer clinical study announced at Yale using combination drug therapy 28 November 2005 - Yale University A clinical study of ovarian cancer initiated by investigators at Yale School of Medicine will combine the anti-cancer drug phenoxodiol with docetaxel for women with recurrent ovarian cancer. Yale engineers make standardized bulk synthesis of nanowires possible 28 November 2005 - Yale University A team of Yale scientists have demonstrated a method to understand effective synthesis of semiconductor nanowires for both their quality and quantity, according to a report published in the journal Nanotechnology. Grant will fund study of tics and tourette syndrome 22 November 2005 - Yale University The National Institutes of Health has awarded a multi-site grant to Yale, Harvard University and Wilford Hall Medical Center in San Antonio, Texas, to evaluate the Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics program in adults with Tourette syndrome. ADHD medication might also treat hyperactivity symptoms in autism 22 November 2005 - Yale University Methylphenidate, a medication used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, may be effective in treating hyperactivity symptoms in children with autism and related pervasive developmental disorders, researchers report in the November Archives of General Psychiatry. Cell cultures can sort out CJD and scrapie infectious agents